• The Equal Protection Clause is part of the first section of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution. The clause, which took effect in...
    88 KB (11,556 words) - 06:19, 2 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution
    includes the Citizenship Clause, Privileges or Immunities Clause, Due Process Clause, and Equal Protection Clause. The Citizenship Clause broadly defines citizenship...
    97 KB (9,596 words) - 08:56, 17 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for John Marshall Harlan II
    applicability of the Bill of Rights to the states, the Due Process Clause, and the Equal Protection Clause. Justice Harlan was very close to the law clerks whom he...
    66 KB (7,312 words) - 04:47, 10 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Education for All Handicapped Children Act
    appropriate public education, based either on the EHA or on the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, the EHA is the exclusive avenue through...
    9 KB (901 words) - 06:24, 5 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Hugo Black
    the basis of the equal protection clause.[citation needed] At the same time, Black did not believe that the equal protection clause made poll taxes unconstitutional...
    121 KB (13,647 words) - 13:35, 17 July 2025
  • Amendment's Equal Protection Clause applies only to state and local governments, the United States Supreme Court has implied an Equal Protection limitation...
    22 KB (2,601 words) - 03:21, 17 April 2025
  • Loving v. Virginia (category United States equal protection case law)
    that the laws banning interracial marriage violate the Equal Protection and Due Process Clauses of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. Beginning...
    63 KB (6,455 words) - 19:16, 22 July 2025
  • District of Columbia violate the Equal Protection Clause as incorporated against the federal government by the Due Process Clause of the Fifth Amendment. Sarah...
    155 KB (20,293 words) - 18:25, 8 July 2025
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    informally known as the Equal Rights Amendment. It includes several rights in the New York State Constitution's Equal Protection Clause, with its chief purpose...
    42 KB (3,094 words) - 06:54, 25 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Article One of the United States Constitution
    representative represents substantially equal populations, based on court interpretations of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, finding...
    158 KB (20,530 words) - 19:38, 21 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Fifth Amendment to the United States Constitution
    Clause contains a prohibition against vague laws and an implied equal protection requirement similar to the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause...
    77 KB (10,014 words) - 20:29, 31 May 2025
  • United States v. Morrison (category United States Commerce Clause case law)
    granted to the US Congress under the Commerce Clause and the Fourteenth Amendment's Equal Protection Clause. Along with United States v. Lopez (1995), it...
    25 KB (3,038 words) - 21:19, 27 April 2025
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    exception to the state equal protection clause"; in his dissent, Justice Carlos R. Moreno wrote that exceptions to the equal protection clause could not be made...
    189 KB (16,800 words) - 16:57, 25 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for William Rehnquist
    views about the Equal Protection Clause in cases like Trimble v. Gordon: Unfortunately, more than a century of decisions under this Clause of the Fourteenth...
    118 KB (12,679 words) - 14:46, 8 July 2025
  • The issue before the United States Supreme Court is whether the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution mandates the individual...
    9 KB (938 words) - 03:17, 6 March 2025
  • suggesting that the Constitution of the United States, particularly the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment, should be interpreted as prohibiting the...
    11 KB (1,246 words) - 07:03, 7 April 2025
  • the Equal Protection Clause. The state action theory weakened the effect of the Equal Protection Clause against state governments, in that the clause was...
    56 KB (6,835 words) - 10:44, 15 July 2025
  • and to several of the individual states. It is founded upon the equal protection clause of the 14th Amendment of the United States Constitution. The purpose...
    1 KB (142 words) - 16:09, 22 May 2022
  • that all state poll taxes were unconstitutional as violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. This removed a burden on the poor...
    98 KB (6,286 words) - 19:46, 29 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Same-sex marriage in the United States
    a fundamental right guaranteed by both the Due Process Clause and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution...
    157 KB (15,309 words) - 09:13, 16 July 2025
  • Thumbnail for Biraogo v. Philippine Truth Commission
    independence of the Office of the Ombudsman, and violates the equal protection clause of the Philippine Constitution for specifically targeting certain...
    9 KB (1,072 words) - 17:56, 26 December 2023
  • Wheeling Steel Corp. v. Glander (category United States equal protection case law)
    conducting business in Ohio. The court ruled that the tax violated the Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment. Wheeling Steel Corp., incorporated in Delaware...
    6 KB (687 words) - 03:26, 13 September 2023
  • Thumbnail for Article Four of the United States Constitution
    Luther v. Borden still holds today, the Court, by looking to the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment (adopted 19 years after Luther v. Borden...
    30 KB (3,889 words) - 17:39, 30 April 2025
  • Bush v. Gore (category United States equal protection case law)
    different standards of counting in different counties violated the Equal Protection Clause of the U.S. Constitution; the case had also been argued on Article...
    97 KB (11,433 words) - 01:19, 1 July 2025
  • the Equal Protection Clause, and Black arguing it was constitutional under the Congressional Elections Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause. Harlan...
    12 KB (1,056 words) - 12:07, 13 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Women in United States juries
    phrase "a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury" and the Equal Protection Clause in the Fourteenth Amendment, gender representation in American...
    27 KB (3,140 words) - 18:22, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Thurgood Marshall
    to constitutional doctrine, the "sliding-scale" approach to the Equal Protection Clause, called on courts to apply a flexible balancing test instead of...
    75 KB (8,132 words) - 22:06, 18 July 2025
  • applies the Bill of Rights to the states through the Equal Protection Clause and the Due Process Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, equality before the law...
    50 KB (5,956 words) - 18:32, 2 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Gerrymandering in the United States
    Baker arguing that Tennessee's previous districts violated the Equal Protection Clause through subjugating rural areas to less political voting power...
    104 KB (10,559 words) - 17:22, 16 July 2025
  • court under the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, as the equal protection issue was separate from the Guarantee Clause challenge. In...
    8 KB (938 words) - 15:58, 28 January 2025