quintuplet and singlet, i.e. 6 states. It is sometimes known as the Interacting boson approximation (IBA).: 7 The IBM1/IBM-I model treats both types of nucleons...
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a massive scalar boson with zero spin, even (positive) parity, no electric charge, and no colour charge that couples to (interacts with) mass. It is...
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Boson sampling is a restricted model of non-universal quantum computation introduced by Scott Aaronson and Alex Arkhipov after the original work of Lidror...
52 KB (7,102 words) - 08:35, 4 January 2024
Standard Model (section Gauge bosons)
not change particle flavour. Thus Z bosons are similar to the photon, aside from them being massive and interacting with the neutrino. The weak interaction...
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identical bosons using the Hartree–Fock approximation and the pseudopotential interaction model. A Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) is a gas of bosons that are...
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Regions of differently shaped nuclei, as predicted by the Interacting Boson Approximation...
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Fundamental interaction (redirect from Interactive forces)
(QFT). Force particles, called gauge bosons—force carriers or messenger particles of underlying fields—interact with matter particles, called fermions...
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Warner, D. D.; Casten, R. F. (1983). "Predictions of the interacting boson approximation in a consistent Q framework". Physical Review C. 28 (4): 1798–1806...
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condensate (BEC) is a state of matter that is typically formed when a gas of bosons at very low densities is cooled to temperatures very close to absolute zero...
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method). In the 1980s he occupied himself with, among other things, the interacting boson model, and in the 1970s with quantum field theory in strong fields...
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study static properties of boson systems without geometrical frustration. For fermions, there exist very good approximations to their static properties...
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liquid, or Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid, is a theoretical model describing interacting electrons (or other fermions) in a one-dimensional conductor (e.g. quantum...
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1978. Her dissertation, The level structure of 196Pt and the interacting boson approximation, was supervised by Linwood L. Lee. Others of her mentors in...
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Photon (category Bosons)
the speed of light measured in vacuum. The photon belongs to the class of boson particles. As with other elementary particles, photons are best explained...
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related to fermions, and called collective excitations if they are related to bosons, although the precise distinction is not universally agreed upon. Thus,...
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have also been proposed, such as the interacting boson model, in which pairs of neutrons and protons interact as bosons. Ab initio methods try to solve the...
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A(x) are called gauge bosons. The interpretation of the interaction Lagrangian in quantum field theory is of scalar bosons interacting by the exchange of...
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Goldstone boson is "eaten" by the corresponding gauge boson by becoming an additional degree of freedom for the gauge boson. The Goldstone boson equivalence...
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getting a mass. This is a consequence of the Ward identity. The W-boson and the Z-boson get their masses through the Higgs mechanism; they do undergo mass...
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Shivam; Pica Ciamarra, Massimo (2023). "Quasi-localized vibrational modes, boson peak and sound attenuation in model mass-spring networks". SciPost Physics...
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the weak force allows a quark to change its flavour by emission of a W boson leading to creation of an electron/antineutrino or positron/neutrino pair...
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QCD vacuum (section Pseudo-Goldstone bosons)
massless bosons appear, corresponding to the remaining symmetry. This is called the Goldstone phenomenon and the bosons are called Goldstone bosons. The SU(Nf) × SU(Nf)...
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In particular, at low energies, α ≈ 1/137, whereas at the scale of the Z boson, about 90 GeV, one measures α ≈ 1/127. Moreover, the perturbative beta function...
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of the electroweak-interacting particles described by this table. However, since each of the three uncharged elementary vector bosons' electroweak charges...
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suggests the existence of a symmetry between particles with integer spin (bosons) and particles with half-integer spin (fermions). It proposes that for every...
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technicolor or composite Higgs bosons are unknown. Much technicolor research focuses on exploring strongly interacting gauge theories other than QCD,...
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The Bose–Hubbard model gives a description of the physics of interacting spinless bosons on a lattice. It is closely related to the Hubbard model that...
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The random phase approximation (RPA) is an approximation method in condensed matter physics and in nuclear physics. It was first introduced by David Bohm...
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coupling of leptons to all types of gauge boson are flavour-independent: The interaction between leptons and a gauge boson measures the same for each lepton....
42 KB (4,288 words) - 22:24, 8 May 2024