language models with many parameters, and are trained with self-supervised learning on a vast amount of text. This page lists notable large language models...

large energy demands. Foundation models List of large language models List of chatbots Language model benchmark Reinforcement learning Small language...

A language model is a model of the human brain's ability to produce natural language. Language models are useful for a variety of tasks, including speech...

Reasoning language models (RLMs) are large language models that have been further trained to solve multi-step reasoning tasks. These models perform better...

models. Model transformation is a common example of such reasoning. Object modeling languages are modeling languages based on a standardized set of symbols...

describe the claim that large language models, though able to generate plausible language, do not understand the meaning of the language they process. The term...

Gemini is a family of multimodal large language models (LLMs) developed by Google DeepMind, and the successor to LaMDA and PaLM 2. Comprising Gemini Ultra...

applications and web interfaces. List of large language models The Pile (dataset), public data used to train many research models "What is a chatbot?". techtarget...

A generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) is a type of large language model (LLM) and a prominent framework for generative artificial intelligence. It...

dramatically improved the state-of-the-art for large language models. As of 2020[update], BERT is a ubiquitous baseline in natural language processing (NLP) experiments...

particularly large language models (LLMs). Major tools include chatbots such as ChatGPT, Copilot, Gemini, Grok, and DeepSeek; text-to-image models such as...

Language model benchmarks are standardized tests designed to evaluate the performance of language models on various natural language processing tasks....

Large Open-science Open-access Multilingual Language Model (BLOOM) is a 176-billion-parameter transformer-based autoregressive large language model (LLM)...

Transformer) is a series of large language models developed by Google AI introduced in 2019. Like the original Transformer model, T5 models are encoder-decoder...

released on November 30, 2022. It uses large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o as well as other multimodal models to create human-like responses in text...

Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a general-purpose visual modeling language that is intended to provide a standard way to visualize the design of a system...

通义千问) is a family of large language models developed by Alibaba Cloud. In July 2024, it was ranked as the top Chinese language model in some benchmarks...

Integration, is an AI chatbot service product of Baidu, released in 2023. It is built on a large language model called ERNIE, which has been in development...

modulus, 'a measure'. Models can be divided into physical models (e.g. a ship model or a fashion model) and abstract models (e.g. a set of mathematical equations...

open source software library that performs inference on various large language models such as Llama. It is co-developed alongside the GGML project, a...

Pre-trained Transformer 1 (GPT-1) was the first of OpenAI's large language models following Google's invention of the transformer architecture in 2017. In June...

(GPT-4) is a multimodal large language model trained and created by OpenAI and the fourth in its series of GPT foundation models. It was launched on March...

Reflection is the term used for how some large language models (specifically reasoning language models (RLMs)) share information among their input or...

have been widely adopted for training large language models (LLM) on large (language) datasets. The modern version of the transformer was proposed in the...

on artificial intelligence for the enterprise, specializing in large language models. Cohere was founded in 2019 by Aidan Gomez, Ivan Zhang, and Nick...

PaLM (Pathways Language Model) is a 540 billion-parameter dense decoder-only transformer-based large language model (LLM) developed by Google AI. Researchers...

Evaluation and Alignment Lab, focuses on evaluating and aligning large language models (LLMs), including through initiatives such as Humanity's Last Exam...

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is a technique that enables large language models (LLMs) to retrieve and incorporate new information. With RAG, LLMs...

a multimodal large language model developed by Huawei. It was announced on July 7, 2023. The name of the large learning language model, PanGu, was derived...

and alter artificially generated text, such as that produced by large language models. Undetectable AI was developed by Bars Juhasz, a PhD student from...