Plaintext-awareness is a notion of security for public-key encryption. A cryptosystem is plaintext-aware if it is difficult for any efficient algorithm...

protection as MAC-then-pad-then-encrypt, i.e. the plaintext is first padded to the block size of the encryption function. Padding errors often result in the...

For CFB-8, an all-zero IV and an all-zero plaintext, causes 1/256 of keys to generate no encryption, plaintext is returned as ciphertext. For OFB-8, using...

which uses a pair of random oracles G and H to process the plaintext prior to asymmetric encryption. When combined with any secure trapdoor one-way permutation...

punctuation are removed prior to encryption and reintroduced afterwards. In this example the tenth letter of the plaintext t is shifted by 14 positions (because...

the modern age was effectively synonymous with encryption, converting readable information (plaintext) to unintelligible nonsense text (ciphertext), which...

DES, RC2, RC4 supported for encryption (not published online until the publication of APPNOTE 5.2) 5.2: (2003) AES encryption support for SES (defined in...

Convergent encryption, also known as content hash keying, is a cryptosystem that produces identical ciphertext from identical plaintext files. This has...

plaintext and chosen ciphertext attack • Advantage (cryptography) • ADFGVX cipher • Adi Shamir • Advanced Access Content System • Advanced Encryption...

feature introduced in version 3.0 of NTFS that provides filesystem-level encryption. The technology enables files to be transparently encrypted to protect...

commonly, the left-side header column is used for the plaintext letters, both with encryption and decryption. That usage will be described herein. In...

with an effort on the order of 247 chosen plaintexts. Differential cryptanalysis is usually a chosen plaintext attack, meaning that the attacker must be...

of the five plaintext bits was then XORed with the XOR sum of 3 taps from the pinwheels, and then cyclically adjacent pairs of plaintext bits were swapped...

on the designs. It is based on the integrity-aware parallelizeable mode (IAPM) of authenticated encryption by Charanjit S. Jutla. The OCB2 version was...

data (i.e. the ciphertext). This can also include known plaintext attacks where both the plaintext and its corresponding ciphertext are known. While active...

obstacles such as legislation, resources, technical issues (interception and encryption), and the sheer volume of communication serve to limit surveillance. With...

tracking down the eavesdropper’s information. HE contains fake but similar plaintext during the decryption phase of the process of instant messaging with an...

authentication and privacy in a single pass. (In earlier authenticated encryption designs, two passes would be required to: one to encrypt, and the second...

very little ROM, and no RAM beyond what is required to hold the key and plaintext." For 16-bit words (Speck32), the rotates are 7 bits right and 2 bits...

the block cipher. The encryption and decryption function are represented by oracles that receive a pair of either a plaintext and a key or a ciphertext...

of developments in quantum computing which would allow current strong encryption algorithms to be broken at some time in the future, making it possible...

other 88 bits can be any value sent by the client as plaintext). By brute forcing the 40-bit encryption, the ServerVerify message can be used as the oracle...

is a virtual private network but is neither secure nor trusted. Native plaintext tunneling protocols include Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol (L2TP) when it...

hashcat and sufficient GPU power the NTLM hash can be derived using a known plaintext attack by cracking the DES keys with hashcat mode 14000 as demonstrated...

(or, if they do, it is a very constrained set of choices). Opinionated encryption is visible in tools like Libsodium, where high-level APIs explicitly aim...

exhibitor. Encryption of subtitles is primarily designed for protection during transport; subtitle content may be transmitted in plaintext to a projection...

backdoor is a typically covert method of bypassing normal authentication or encryption in a computer, product, embedded device (e.g. a home router), or its embodiment...

multi-ess-zero-one), is an encryption algorithm based on a pseudorandom number generator (PRNG). MULTI-S01 is an encryption scheme preserving both confidentiality...

the decryption process is deployed to restore the ciphertext back to plaintext. Proxy servers hide the true address of the client workstation and can...

Encryption File deletion Forensic identification Gutmann method Memory scrambling Palimpsest Paper shredder Physical information security Plaintext (security...