In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that embodies the knowledge of a quantum system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction...

In quantum field theory, the quantum vacuum state (also called the quantum vacuum or vacuum state) is the quantum state with the lowest possible energy...

Quantum entanglement is the phenomenon where the quantum state of each particle in a group cannot be described independently of the state of the others...

physically realized with a two-state device. A qubit is a two-state (or two-level) quantum-mechanical system, one of the simplest quantum systems displaying the...

quantum information science, the Bell's states or EPR pairs are specific quantum states of two qubits that represent the simplest examples of quantum...

In quantum information theory, quantum state purification refers to the process of representing a mixed state as a pure quantum state of higher-dimensional...

of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science. Quantum mechanics...

specifically in quantum mechanics, a coherent state is the specific quantum state of the quantum harmonic oscillator, often described as a state that has dynamics...

In quantum computing and specifically the quantum circuit model of computation, a quantum logic gate (or simply quantum gate) is a basic quantum circuit...

location to the next, quantum teleportation only transfers quantum information. The sender does not have to know the particular quantum state being transferred...

Quantum decoherence is the loss of quantum coherence. It involves generally a loss of information of a system to its environment. Quantum decoherence...

A quantum computer is a computer that exploits quantum mechanical phenomena. On small scales, physical matter exhibits properties of both particles and...

Quantum superposition is a fundamental principle of quantum mechanics that states that linear combinations of solutions to the Schrödinger equation are...

for finding a probability involves combining a quantum state, which mathematically describes a quantum system, with a mathematical representation of the...

non-quantum) communication. For example, it is impossible to copy data encoded in a quantum state. If one attempts to read the encoded data, the quantum state...

formulations of quantum mechanics continue to be used today. At the heart of the description are ideas of quantum state and quantum observables, which...

fermions) cannot simultaneously occupy the same quantum state within a system that obeys the laws of quantum mechanics. This principle was formulated by Austrian...

The many-worlds interpretation (MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that...

information as binary states (represented by "1"s and "0"s), quantum memory stores a quantum state for later retrieval. These states hold useful computational...

Quantum information is the information of the state of a quantum system. It is the basic entity of study in quantum information theory, and can be manipulated...

quantum technology, a quantum sensor utilizes properties of quantum mechanics, such as quantum entanglement, quantum interference, and quantum state squeezing...

interpretation of quantum mechanics is an attempt to explain how the mathematical theory of quantum mechanics might correspond to experienced reality. Quantum mechanics...

In physics, a quantum state space is an abstract space in which different "positions" represent not literal locations, but rather quantum states of some...

physics, in the area of quantum information theory, a Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) state is an entangled quantum state that involves at least three...

standard description of quantum physics. Prior to quantum physics, it was thought that a physical system had a determinate state that uniquely determined...

theoretical physics, quantum nonlocality refers to the phenomenon by which the measurement statistics of a multipartite quantum system do not allow an...

noise on stored quantum information, faulty quantum gates, faulty quantum state preparation, and faulty measurements. Effective quantum error correction...

In various interpretations of quantum mechanics, wave function collapse, also called reduction of the state vector, occurs when a wave function—initially...

but not all, aspects of the quantum formalism are subjective in nature. For example, in this interpretation, a quantum state is not an element of reality—instead...

The term quantum state discrimination collectively refers to quantum-informatics techniques, with the help of which, by performing a small number of measurements...