In evolutionary biology, reciprocal altruism is a behaviour whereby an organism acts in a manner that temporarily reduces its fitness while increasing...

Reciprocal altruism in humans refers to an individual behavior that gives benefit conditionally upon receiving a returned benefit, which draws on the...

principle—"reciprocal altruism"—to explain the unusually high levels of intentional honesty necessary for language to evolve. "Reciprocal altruism" can be...

be adaptive if a hostile outgroup threatens the entire ingroup. Reciprocal altruism. See also Reciprocity (evolution). Direct reciprocity. Research shows...

more affected by cues suggesting a similar genetic base than women. Reciprocal altruism is the idea that the incentive for an individual to help in the present...

evolution of social behaviour. In 1971 Robert Trivers introduced his reciprocal altruism theory to explain the evolution of helping at the nest of an unrelated...

altruistic behaviour, alongside the less prevalent reciprocity (see also reciprocal altruism), and to be of particular importance in enabling the evolution of...

from others' initial actions, or occur in anticipation of a reciprocal action, while altruism, an interest in the welfare of others over that of oneself...

as kin selection, reciprocal altruism, tolerated theft, group cooperation, and costly signaling. Kin-selection and reciprocal-altruism models of food-sharing...

This led to reciprocal altruism being studied instead under a new social-psychological concept: the norm of reciprocity. Reciprocal altruism has been applied...

agent is cooperative. If not, the agent is not. This is similar to reciprocal altruism in biology. Tit-for-tat has been very successfully used as a strategy...

a reciprocal pair of crossings, forming reciprocal hybrids Reciprocal altruism, a form of symbiotic relationship in evolutionary biology Reciprocal cross...

specifically those that are performed unconditionally. The theory of reciprocal altruism can be used to explain behaviours that are performed by a donor who...

of forming friendships and making friends. One is the theory of Reciprocal Altruism which provides an explanation as to why individuals make friends...

1976 album T Shirt Reciprocal (disambiguation) Reciprocation (disambiguation) Reciprocity Treaty (disambiguation) Reciprocal altruism between individuals...

this sharing “tolerated theft” and purports that the benefits of reciprocal altruism stem from the result that families will experience “lower daily variation...

human sociability is built around two principles, kin selection and reciprocal altruism. The principle of kin selection or inclusive fitness states that...

and aggressive behavior. This principle, central to the theory of reciprocal altruism introduced by Robert Trivers in 1971, suggests that altruistic behaviors...

mutual benefits participating individuals acquire through reciprocal altruism. Reciprocal altruism involves individuals performing acts to increase the fitness...

evolutionary biologist and sociobiologist. Trivers proposed the theories of reciprocal altruism (1971), parental investment (1972), facultative sex ratio determination...

comparison came Robert Trivers' reciprocal altruism theory under the title "tit-for-tat". In conjunction with altruism, kin selection bears an emphasis...

species, it is accepted to be the byproduct of mutualism, rather than reciprocal altruism according to Russell & Wright (2009). By cooperating to successfully...

faith groups." (See also the section on Global Ethic.) A rule of reciprocal altruism was stated positively in a well-known Torah verse (Hebrew: ואהבת...

Relationships. pp. 1333–1336. Trivers, Robert L (1971). "The Evolution of Reciprocal Altruism". The Quarterly Review of Biology. 46: 35–57. doi:10.1086/406755...

thinking in terms of the gene-centred model, developed the theory of reciprocal altruism, whereby one organism provides a benefit to another in the expectation...

emotions, or those relating to the emotions of others, arose due to reciprocal altruism, mother–child bonding, and the need to accurately estimate the future...

Helping behavior Give and take Identity politics Psychological egoism Reciprocal altruism The Selfish Gene (book) Thomas Hobbes "Tocqueville: Book II Chapter...

any formal declaration of repayment, often thought to be a form of reciprocal altruism. Official systems of credit and debt were first created around 1800...

support in conflict among primates is considered to be an act of reciprocal altruism. In crab-eating macaques, an experiment was performed in which individuals...

prisoner's dilemma Prisoner's dilemma and cooperation Public goods game Reciprocal altruism Rent-seeking Social preferences Superrationality Swift trust theory...