an apomorphy (or derived trait) is a novel character or character state that has evolved from its ancestral form (or plesiomorphy). A synapomorphy is...

symplesiomorphy, apomorphy, and synapomorphy all mean a trait shared between species because they share an ancestral species. Apomorphic and synapomorphic...

descendants. Apomorphy – a derived trait. Apomorphy shared by two or more taxa and inherited from a common ancestor is synapomorphy. Apomorphy unique to...

typically shared derived characteristics (synapomorphies) that are not present in more distant groups and ancestors. However, from an empirical perspective...

adaptive (e.g., as in non-vascular ("lower") and vascular ("higher") plants). The terms "plesiomorphy" and "apomorphy" are typically used in the technical literature:...

study, and is distinct from sociological outgroups. Character states present in the ingroup but absent in the outgroup are (often) synapomorphies that provide...

eudicots, rather than non-monocot flowering plants in general. Monocot apomorphies (characteristics derived during radiation rather than inherited from...

stem group chordates. The mitrates (and thus the chordates) are all Dexiothetes, dexiothetism being a synapomorphy for the clade. In the evolution of the...

described by Stephenson in 1935, nematosomes are the defining apomorphy (synapomorphy) of the genus Nematostella but have received relatively little...

microtubule-supported pseudopods. In the absence of an apomorphy, the group is ill-defined, and its composition has been very fluid. Some Rhizaria possess...

unambiguous. Possible exceptions occur for apomorphy-based definitions, when optimization of the defining apomorphy is ambiguous. Phylogenetic nomenclature...

Phylogenetic signal is an evolutionary and ecological term, that describes the tendency or the pattern of related biological species to resemble each...

system, but similar constructions exist in other groups. Another possible apomorphy is found in the ultrastructure of the sperm, which has a dense heel on...

phenetic algorithms, such as UPGMA and Neighbor-Joining, group by overall similarity, and treat both synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies as evidence of...

that of some Neogoveids, and a short, thornlike, triangular adenostyle. Ogoveidae also possesses several unique apomorphies, including a conspicuous,...

list of Greek and Latin roots, stems, and prefixes commonly used in the English language from H to O. See also the lists from A to G and from P to Z. Some...

characteristics of the hand and wrist alone (an apomorphy-based definition), and included the long, thin fingers, bowed, wing-like forearm bones, and half-moon shaped...

– anagenesis – anti-predator adaptation – applications of evolution – apomorphy – aposematism – Archaeopteryx – aquatic adaptation – artificial selection...

theropods like scansoriopterygids being no bigger than small birds. Various synapomorphies for Theropoda have been proposed based on which taxa are included in...

synonymous with Maniraptoriformes. In 2002, Gregory S. Paul named an apomorphy-based clade Avepectora, defined to include all theropods with a bird-like...

birds than to Deinonychus. Avialae is also occasionally defined as an apomorphy-based clade (that is, one based on physical characteristics). Jacques...

referred to the two groups as Crocodylotarsi and Ornithosuchia. Crocodylotarsi was defined as an apomorphy-based taxon based on the presence of a "crocodile-normal"...

Liddell and Scott μέγας in Liddell and Scott μεῖον in Liddell and Scott μέλας in Liddell and Scott μέλισσα in Liddell and Scott μῆνιγξ in Liddell and Scott...

be resolved through synapomorphies (shared derived characteristics); otherwise, they would necessarily exclude related species and thus be paraphyletic...

distinctive, being 'lily type', with six tepals and up to six stamina. One of the defining characteristics (synapomorphies) of the order is the presence of phytomelanin...

wing membrane. This apomorphy-based definition was adopted by the PhyloCode in 2020 as "[T]he clade characterized by the apomorphy fourth manual digit...

other clades; shared apomorphies are used to construct and define clades. The term is relative; a trait considered an apomorphy in one clade may not be...

shared, derived characters (synapomorphies); evolutionary taxonomy tries to take into account both the branching pattern and "degree of difference" to find...

in 2009. Despite the molecular evidences, there are no morphological apomorphies supporting this clade. Phylogenetic supertree after Sluys et al., 2009:...

linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group...