Classical electromagnetism or classical electrodynamics is a branch of physics focused on the study of interactions between electric charges and currents...

physics, electromagnetism is an interaction that occurs between particles with electric charge via electromagnetic fields. The electromagnetic force is...

The covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism refers to ways of writing the laws of classical electromagnetism (in particular, Maxwell's equations...

important role in the modern theory of classical electromagnetism. It gives formulas for how electromagnetic objects, in particular the electric and...

different aspects of one force—electromagnetism. This process of "unifying" forces continues today, and electromagnetism and the weak nuclear force are...

together with the Lorentz force law, form the foundation of classical electromagnetism, classical optics, electric and magnetic circuits. The equations provide...

Relativistic electromagnetism is a physical phenomenon explained in electromagnetic field theory due to Coulomb's law and Lorentz transformations. After...

as lecture notes that Jackson prepared for teaching graduate-level electromagnetism first at McGill University and then at the University of Illinois at...

Historically, these ideas were first stated in the context of classical electromagnetism and later in general relativity. However, the modern importance...

Maxwell's equations Classical electromagnetism and special relativity History of electromagnetism List of textbooks on classical mechanics and quantum...

In classical electromagnetism, reciprocity refers to a variety of related theorems involving the interchange of time-harmonic electric current densities...

Timeline of electromagnetism and classical optics lists, within the history of electromagnetism, the associated theories, technology, and events. 28th...

identically unity. In the theory of classical electromagnetism, free space has the following properties: Electromagnetic radiation travels, when unobstructed...

Galilean transformations of classical mechanics by the Lorentz transformations. (See Maxwell's equations of electromagnetism.) General relativity is a theory...

thing together in a unified theory of electromagnetism. Maxwell's equations further indicated that electromagnetic waves existed, and the experiments of...

spontaneously broken. An example of a scale-invariant classical field theory is electromagnetism with no charges or currents. The fields are the electric...

In classical electromagnetism, Ampère's circuital law (not to be confused with Ampère's force law) relates the circulation of a magnetic field around a...

relevant classical fields, such as the gravitational field in Newton's theory of gravity or the electrostatic field in classical electromagnetism, is inversely...

equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism. Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical...

and mathematician who was one of the founders of the science of classical electromagnetism, which he referred to as electrodynamics. He is also the inventor...

that cannot be described using classical electromagnetism; its characteristics are described by the quantized electromagnetic field and quantum mechanics...

also considered "classical" include thermodynamics (see history of thermodynamics) and electromagnetism (see history of electromagnetism). The critical...

Ricci calculus Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field Maxwell's equations Maxwell's equations...

In electromagnetism, the electromagnetic tensor or electromagnetic field tensor (sometimes called the field strength tensor, Faraday tensor or Maxwell...

In classical electromagnetism, magnetization is the vector field that expresses the density of permanent or induced magnetic dipole moments in a magnetic...

In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the volumetric...

In classical electromagnetism, magnetic vector potential (often denoted A) is the vector quantity defined so that its curl is equal to the magnetic field...

surface distribution. Classical electromagnetism Relativistic electromagnetism Electricity History of electromagnetic theory Electromagnetic field Magnetism...

description of fields remains to this day.: 301 : 2  The theory of classical electromagnetism was completed in 1864 with Maxwell's equations, which described...

A\Rightarrow A+d\alpha } . Four-vector Covariant formulation of classical electromagnetism Jefimenko's equations Gluon field Aharonov–Bohm effect Gravitation...