• Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) block the gastric hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+/K+ ATPase) and inhibit gastric acid secretion. These drugs have emerged as...
    43 KB (4,990 words) - 22:23, 18 April 2025
  • Omeprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    who are at high risk. Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and its effectiveness is similar to that of other PPIs. It can be taken by mouth or...
    44 KB (3,992 words) - 03:45, 19 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Gastric acid
    of digestion and to extract gastric acid, verifying that acid played a crucial role in digestion. Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors...
    16 KB (1,794 words) - 19:08, 27 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Pantoprazole
    Pantoprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    Pantoprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and its effectiveness is similar to that of other PPIs. It is available by mouth and by injection into a...
    35 KB (2,699 words) - 22:11, 7 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Drug discovery
    chemistry Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors Discovery and development of melatonin receptor agonists Discovery and development of nucleoside...
    58 KB (6,777 words) - 00:02, 23 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Parietal cell
    cell Digestion Gastroesophageal reflux disease Discovery and Development of Proton Pump Inhibitors List of human cell types derived from the germ layers...
    12 KB (1,225 words) - 17:56, 12 February 2025
  • Thumbnail for Lansoprazole
    Lansoprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    reduces stomach acid. It is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI), used to treat peptic ulcer disease, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome...
    17 KB (1,147 words) - 13:48, 14 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Esomeprazole
    Esomeprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    disease, peptic ulcer disease, and Zollinger–Ellison syndrome. Its effectiveness is similar to that of other proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). It is taken by mouth...
    31 KB (2,777 words) - 19:42, 9 March 2025
  • system of humpback whales Evolution of the mammalian digestive system Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors Erepsin Gastroesophageal reflux...
    40 KB (4,938 words) - 22:49, 23 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Rabeprazole
    Rabeprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    other proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole, is used for the purposes of gastric acid suppression. This effect is beneficial for the treatment and prevention...
    67 KB (6,230 words) - 06:54, 14 May 2025
  • dementia. Discovery and development of proton pump inhibitors Solvated electron Sakai H, Fujii T, Takeguchi N (2016). "Chapter 13. Proton-Potassium (H+/K+)...
    20 KB (2,351 words) - 00:12, 26 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Cimetidine
    Cimetidine (category CYP1A2 inhibitors)
    inhibits stomach acid production. It is mainly used in the treatment of heartburn and peptic ulcers. With the development of proton pump inhibitors,...
    50 KB (5,138 words) - 21:45, 26 April 2025
  • coleoptile cells expel H+ protons through membrane-bound proton pumps into the apoplast (space between plant cell wall and cytoplasm) at an accelerated...
    14 KB (1,787 words) - 02:49, 11 January 2024
  • reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) are antiretroviral drugs used in the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). NNRTIs inhibit reverse transcriptase...
    37 KB (4,730 words) - 01:37, 27 February 2025
  • of glucose transport is coupled with the extrusion of protons from the cell, with sodium serving as an intermediate in this process. SGLT2 inhibitors...
    16 KB (1,628 words) - 18:49, 17 November 2024
  • (23 November 2017). "Impact of proton pump inhibitors on the antiplatelet effects of clopidogrel" (PDF). Thrombosis and Haemostasis. 101 (4): 714–719...
    46 KB (5,282 words) - 12:05, 25 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for H2 receptor antagonist
    surpassed by proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). The PPI omeprazole was found to be more effective at both healing and alleviating symptoms of ulcers and reflux...
    21 KB (2,321 words) - 05:31, 19 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Drug design
    PDE5 inhibitors Proton pump inhibitors Renin inhibitors Triptans TRPV1 antagonists c-Met inhibitors It has been argued that the highly rigid and focused...
    44 KB (5,022 words) - 12:47, 20 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Medication
    antacids, reflux suppressants, antiflatulents, antidopaminergics, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2-receptor antagonists, cytoprotectants, prostaglandin...
    69 KB (7,294 words) - 01:41, 27 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Peptic ulcer disease
    Peptic ulcer disease (category Diseases of oesophagus, stomach and duodenum)
    such as antibiotics or proton-pump inhibitors. The diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori can be made by: Urea breath test (noninvasive and does not require EGD);...
    56 KB (5,882 words) - 15:28, 23 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for CYP3A4
    CYP3A4 (redirect from CYP3A4 inhibitors)
    becoming bioactivated (antiplatelet), 2-oxo-clopidogrel, omeprazole, (proton pump inhibitor) nateglinide, (antidiabetic) methoxetamine, montelukast (leukotriene...
    81 KB (7,834 words) - 19:44, 15 April 2025
  • hydrolyzes ATP, causing protons to be pumped into the synaptic vesicles and creating a proton gradient. Then the efflux of protons from the vesicle provides...
    9 KB (988 words) - 08:33, 25 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
    proton pump inhibitors (e.g.: omeprazole and esomeprazole), or by treatment with a drug that mimics prostaglandin in order to restore the lining of the...
    109 KB (11,497 words) - 13:43, 28 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Timoprazole
    Timoprazole (category Proton-pump inhibitors)
    Timoprazole is in a class of medications called proton pump inhibitors (PPI) that inhibit gastric acid secretion. While it has never come to market, it...
    2 KB (139 words) - 21:08, 11 November 2023
  • Thumbnail for Bafilomycin
    mitochondrial damage and cell death. Bafilomycin A1 specifically targets the vacuolar-type H+ -ATPase (V-ATPase) enzyme, a membrane-spanning proton pump that acidifies...
    40 KB (4,672 words) - 14:16, 10 September 2024
  • Thumbnail for Helicobacter pylori
    treatments with antibiotics and proton-pump inhibitors, and with increased standards of living. Helicobacter pylori is a species of gram-negative bacteria...
    150 KB (16,816 words) - 18:39, 26 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Diclofenac
    diclofenac/misoprostol (Arthrotec) to help protect the stomach; however, proton pump inhibitors such as omeprazole are typically first-line since they are at least...
    59 KB (5,579 words) - 07:13, 28 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Celecoxib
    Celecoxib (category COX-2 inhibitors)
    g., ulcer) occurs; concomitant gastroprotective therapy (e.g., proton pump inhibitors) is recommended. The increased risk is about 81%. Hematologic effects:...
    63 KB (6,308 words) - 04:35, 24 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Adenosine triphosphate
    pump protons out of the mitochondrial matrix and into the intermembrane space. This pumping generates a proton motive force that is the net effect of...
    52 KB (5,657 words) - 03:17, 19 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Ketoconazole
    Ketoconazole (category 7α-Hydroxylase inhibitors)
    suppressants: antacids, antimuscarinics, histamine H2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors sucralfate rifampin, rifabutin, isoniazid efavirenz, nevirapine...
    50 KB (4,360 words) - 10:12, 20 April 2025