In vector calculus, the gradient of a scalar-valued differentiable function f {\displaystyle f} of several variables is the vector field (or vector-valued...

Gradient descent is a method for unconstrained mathematical optimization. It is a first-order iterative algorithm for minimizing a differentiable multivariate...

surface gradient is a vector differential operator that is similar to the conventional gradient. The distinction is that the surface gradient takes effect...

Gradient boosting is a machine learning technique based on boosting in a functional space, where the target is pseudo-residuals instead of residuals as...

rate. Gradient may also refer to: Gradient sro, a Czech aircraft manufacturer Image gradient, a gradual change or blending of color Color gradient, a range...

In machine learning, the vanishing gradient problem is the problem of greatly diverging gradient magnitudes between earlier and later layers encountered...

Geothermal gradient is the rate of change in temperature with respect to increasing depth in Earth's interior. As a general rule, the crust temperature...

In hydrodynamics and hydrostatics, the pressure gradient (typically of air but more generally of any fluid) is a physical quantity that describes in which...

Stochastic gradient descent (often abbreviated SGD) is an iterative method for optimizing an objective function with suitable smoothness properties (e...

Texture gradient is the distortion in size which closer objects have compared to objects further away. It also involves groups of objects appearing denser...

In machine learning, backpropagation is a gradient computation method commonly used for training a neural network in computing parameter updates. It is...

image gradient represents the derivative of an image, so the goal of gradient domain processing is to construct a new image by integrating the gradient, which...

A temperature gradient is a physical quantity that describes in which direction and at what rate the temperature changes the most rapidly around a particular...

Gradient-index (GRIN) optics is the branch of optics covering optical effects produced by a gradient of the refractive index of a material. Such gradual...

Stream gradient (or stream slope) is the grade (or slope) of a stream. It is measured by the ratio of drop in elevation and horizontal distance. It is...

The gradient theorem, also known as the fundamental theorem of calculus for line integrals, says that a line integral through a gradient field can be evaluated...

In fluid mechanics, the pressure-gradient force is the force that results when there is a difference in pressure across a surface. In general, a pressure...

Policy gradient methods are a class of reinforcement learning algorithms. Policy gradient methods are a sub-class of policy optimization methods. Unlike...

geometry, the four-gradient (or 4-gradient) ∂ {\displaystyle {\boldsymbol {\partial }}} is the four-vector analogue of the gradient ∇ → {\displaystyle...

mathematical morphology and digital image processing, a morphological gradient is the difference between the dilation and the erosion of a given image...

In color science, a color gradient (also known as a color ramp or a color progression) specifies a range of position-dependent colors, usually used to...

The two approaches available are gradient-based and gradient-free methods. Gradient-based methods (policy gradient methods) start with a mapping from...

An image gradient is a directional change in the intensity or color in an image. The gradient of the image is one of the fundamental building blocks in...

electrochemical gradient is a gradient of electrochemical potential, usually for an ion that can move across a membrane. The gradient consists of two...

environmental gradient, or climate gradient, is a change in abiotic (non-living) factors through space (or time). Environmental gradients can be related...

Drainage gradient (DG) is a term in road design, defined as the combined slope due to road surface cross slope (CS) and longitudinal slope (hilliness)...

In mathematics, the conjugate gradient method is an algorithm for the numerical solution of particular systems of linear equations, namely those whose...

Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) are forms of electrophoresis which use either a temperature...

Density gradient is a spatial variation in density over a region. The term is used in the natural sciences to describe varying density of matter, but can...

wind gradient, more specifically wind speed gradient or wind velocity gradient, or alternatively shear wind, is the vertical component of the gradient of...