Reasoning language models (RLMs) are large language models that are trained further to solve tasks that take several steps of reasoning. They tend to...

case-based reasoning. A lawyer who advocates a particular outcome in a trial based on legal precedents or a judge who creates case law is using case-based...

In artificial intelligence, model-based reasoning refers to an inference method used in expert systems based on a model of the physical world. With this...

automated reasoning engines include inference engines, theorem provers, model generators, and classifiers. In a broader sense, parameterized models in machine...

one not based on symbolic reasoning but on a connectionist model has also been extremely productive. This latter type of automated reasoning is especially...

capability and performance; and Opus, designed for complex reasoning tasks. These models can process both text and images, with Claude 3 Opus demonstrating...

knowledge-based systems have two defining components: an attempt to represent knowledge explicitly, called a knowledge base, and a reasoning system that...

Aspects of Model-Based Reasoning, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht. L. Magnani, N. J. Nersessian, and P. Thagard (eds.) (1999), Model-Based Reasoning in Scientific...

engineering, and societal impact work. In 2024 OpenAI released the reasoning model OpenAI o1, which generates long chains of thought before returning...

In artificial intelligence (AI), commonsense reasoning is a human-like ability to make presumptions about the type and essence of ordinary situations...

representation and reasoning and metalogic, the area of automated reasoning is dedicated to understanding different aspects of reasoning. The study of automated...

programming Knowledge-based systems Knowledge representation and reasoning Logic programming Machine learning Model checking Model-based reasoning Multi-agent system...

ISBN 0-415-24202-9. Magnani, Lorenzo (2014), "Understanding abduction", Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology: Theoretical and Cognitive Issues (editor—Magnani...

Logical reasoning is a mental activity that aims to arrive at a conclusion in a rigorous way. It happens in the form of inferences or arguments by starting...

layers, based on their outputs or subsequent layers. This is notably used in large language models specifically in reasoning language models (RLM). This...

resolution. Both rules are based on the modus ponens inference rule. It is one of the two most commonly used methods of reasoning with inference rules and...

the client–server model. Calculations and reasoning could be performed at a fraction of the price of a mainframe using a PC. This model also enabled business...

to refer to the "mental model" theory of reasoning developed by Philip Johnson-Laird and Ruth M. J. Byrne. The term mental model is believed to have originated...

Forward chaining (or forward reasoning) is one of the two main methods of reasoning when using an inference engine and can be described logically as repeated...

emotions and therefore not based on reason. Jonathan Haidt agrees, arguing in his social intuitionist model that reasoning concerning a moral situation...

used in the United States. Knowledge level modeling Knowledge management Knowledge representation and reasoning Knowledge retrieval Knowledge tagging Method...

language, but the modern version is not. Rather, it is a declarative language based on classical first-order logic, with extensions for modal logic operators...

Deductive reasoning is the process of drawing valid inferences. An inference is valid if its conclusion follows logically from its premises, meaning that...

analyzing the problem before generating an output, and are called reasoning models. The core technology of a GPT is the transformer architecture. Developed...

Ontolingua based on KIF KL-ONE KM programming language LOOM (ontology) OCML (Operational Conceptual Modelling Language) OKBC (Open Knowledge Base Connectivity)...

knowledge base and an inference engine. The knowledge base stored facts about the world. The inference engine applied logical rules to the knowledge base and...

GRPO RL process as R1-Zero with rule-based reward (for reasoning tasks), but also model-based reward (for non-reasoning tasks, helpfulness, and harmlessness)...

logical reasoning. On January 31, 2025, OpenAI released a smaller model, o3-mini, followed on April 16 by o3 and o4-mini. The OpenAI o3 model was announced...

introduced reasoning capabilities similar to reasoning models like OpenAI’s o3-mini and DeepSeek’s R1, allowing users to tap "Think" to enable reasoning or activate...

artificial intelligence, a procedural reasoning system (PRS) is a framework for constructing real-time reasoning systems that can perform complex tasks...