• Thumbnail for Translating Beowulf
    The difficulty of translating Beowulf from its compact, metrical, alliterative form in a single surviving but damaged Old English manuscript into any...
    46 KB (3,842 words) - 18:49, 2 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for On Translating Beowulf
    "On Translating Beowulf" is an essay by J. R. R. Tolkien which discusses the difficulties faced by anyone attempting to translate the Old English heroic-elegiac...
    26 KB (3,497 words) - 10:40, 31 August 2024
  • Beowulf: A Translation and Commentary is a prose translation of the early medieval epic poem Beowulf from Old English to modern English. Translated by...
    22 KB (2,309 words) - 19:19, 19 July 2024
  • Thumbnail for Beowulf
    including J. R. R. Tolkien (in his essay "On Translating Beowulf"), who worked on a verse and a prose translation of his own. The events in the poem take...
    96 KB (10,907 words) - 07:45, 29 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for List of translations of Beowulf
    This is a list of translations of Beowulf, one of the best-known Old English heroic epic poems. Beowulf has been translated many times in verse and in...
    23 KB (693 words) - 11:45, 24 May 2025
  • Beowulf: A New Verse Translation (also known as Heaneywulf) is a verse translation of the Old English epic poem Beowulf into modern English by the Irish...
    26 KB (2,950 words) - 20:21, 28 March 2025
  • "Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics" was a 1936 lecture given by J. R. R. Tolkien on literary criticism on the Old English heroic epic poem Beowulf...
    33 KB (4,235 words) - 10:18, 17 March 2025
  • has risen to national epic status in England. Beowulf has been adapted many times in verse, in prose, on the stage, and in film. In 2003, the Arizona Center...
    28 KB (2,980 words) - 21:01, 20 May 2025
  • of his book on translating Beowulf to it. Criticism, scholarship, educational The Poetic Achievement of Ezra Pound (1979) York Notes on Geoffrey Chaucer's...
    5 KB (407 words) - 17:52, 3 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for The Monsters and the Critics, and Other Essays
    of "On Translating Beowulf", which Christopher Tolkien notes in his foreword is not addressed to an academic audience. The essays are: "Beowulf: The...
    3 KB (233 words) - 23:38, 29 October 2024
  • prepared Beowulf for publication by 1807. During the Battle of Copenhagen (1807) his house was burned and demolished due to fire, and the text (on which...
    6 KB (494 words) - 16:31, 13 January 2025
  • Intégrale (in French). Translated by Lauzon, Daniel. Pocket. ISBN 978-2-266-28626-8. Tolkien, J. R. R. (1997). "On Translating Beowulf". The Monsters and...
    62 KB (6,640 words) - 09:57, 10 May 2025
  • Tolkien, a fantasy author and professional philologist, drew on the Old English poem Beowulf for multiple aspects of his Middle-earth legendarium, alongside...
    38 KB (3,714 words) - 02:35, 27 March 2025
  • Beowulf is a 2007 American animated fantasy action film produced and directed by Robert Zemeckis, written by Neil Gaiman and Roger Avary, based on the...
    69 KB (7,565 words) - 01:14, 5 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Scop
    The nature of the scop in Beowulf is addressed by another scholar-translator, Hugh Magennis, in his book Translating Beowulf. He discusses the poem's lines...
    9 KB (1,106 words) - 02:57, 31 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Grendel
    Grendel (category Characters in Beowulf)
    Grendel is a character in the Anglo-Saxon epic poem Beowulf (700–1000 AD). He is one of the poem's three antagonists (along with his mother and the dragon)...
    17 KB (1,931 words) - 05:08, 26 May 2025
  • the Final Judgment, for example, pervade other Old English poetry like Beowulf. Such does not seem to be the case with The Phoenix, which devotes passages...
    12 KB (1,780 words) - 22:10, 7 August 2024
  • Thumbnail for J. R. R. Tolkien bibliography
    Other Essays (an essay collection) "Beowulf: The Monsters and the Critics" (1936) "On Translating Beowulf" (1940) "On Fairy-Stories" (1947) "A Secret Vice"...
    25 KB (3,168 words) - 16:52, 4 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Beowulf (hero)
    Beowulf (/ˈbeɪəwʊlf/; Old English: Bēowulf [ˈbeːowuɫf]) is a legendary Geatish hero in the eponymous epic poem, one of the oldest surviving pieces of...
    11 KB (1,366 words) - 10:26, 14 January 2025
  • R. Tolkien, "Prefatory Remarks on Prose Translation of 'Beowulf'", which was later restyled "On Translating Beowulf" for the compilation The Monsters...
    60 KB (5,314 words) - 05:46, 23 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Grendel's mother
    poem Beowulf (c. 700–1000 AD), the other two being Grendel and the dragon. Each antagonist reflects different negative aspects of both the hero Beowulf and...
    22 KB (2,748 words) - 06:53, 1 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Bede's Death Song
    judged after his death-day. In a literal translation by Leo Shirley-Price, the text reads as: Before setting forth on that inevitable journey, none is wiser...
    6 KB (811 words) - 03:27, 8 September 2024
  • for his vigorous translation of Beowulf, still widely used in universities, colleges and high schools. Other important translations include Miguel de...
    12 KB (1,181 words) - 04:09, 8 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cædmon's Hymn
    Scholars have debated why this might be. Most scholars think that Bede was translating from a (probably oral) version of the Old English poem like one of the...
    33 KB (3,454 words) - 10:01, 10 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Hrólfr Kraki
    Scandinavian sources expand on his life as the king at Lejre and on his relationship with Halga, Hroðgar's brother. In Beowulf and Widsith, it is never explained...
    39 KB (5,128 words) - 18:39, 23 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Alliterative verse
    a major source for reconstructing them. J.R.R. Tolkien's essay "On Translating Beowulf" analyses the rules as used in the poem. Old English poetry, even...
    93 KB (10,581 words) - 14:30, 23 May 2025
  • Old English literature (category Commons category link is on Wikidata)
    illustrates many of the features of Old English poetry in his 1940 essay "On Translating Beowulf". Old English poetry alliterates, meaning that a sound is repeated...
    70 KB (8,140 words) - 16:07, 3 June 2025
  • Thumbnail for Lacnunga
    Press). Edition and translation. Herren, M. W. 1987. The Hisperica Famina: II. Related Poems: A Critical Edition with English Translation and Philological...
    5 KB (571 words) - 03:31, 7 March 2025
  • Le Ton beau de Marot (category Translation publications)
    special tingly flavour of intelligent SF." Translation studies Machine translation "On Translating Beowulf" "Ma Mignonne". At Play in a Field of Words...
    8 KB (913 words) - 19:52, 19 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Nowell Codex
    and, after Beowulf, a poetic translation of Judith. Due to the fame of Beowulf, the Nowell Codex is also sometimes known simply as the Beowulf manuscript...
    9 KB (1,102 words) - 21:52, 8 April 2025