• Thumbnail for Proton–proton chain
    The protonproton chain, also commonly referred to as the p–p chain, is one of two known sets of nuclear fusion reactions by which stars convert hydrogen...
    22 KB (2,221 words) - 01:46, 1 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Proton
    of a proton. Physics portal Fermionic field Hydrogen Hydron (chemistry) List of particles Protonproton chain Quark model Proton spin crisis Proton therapy...
    68 KB (7,051 words) - 22:08, 11 May 2025
  • transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane. Many of the enzymes in the electron transport chain are embedded within the membrane...
    33 KB (4,073 words) - 14:48, 30 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Electrochemical gradient
    chain, ten protons translocate into the IMS. The result is an electric potential of more than 200 mV. The energy resulting from the flux of protons back...
    24 KB (2,768 words) - 18:02, 21 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Stellar nucleosynthesis
    believed to be the sources of energy in stars. The first one, the protonproton chain reaction, is the dominant energy source in stars with masses up to...
    38 KB (4,497 words) - 17:04, 5 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Proton nuclear magnetic resonance
    Proton nuclear magnetic resonance (proton NMR, hydrogen-1 NMR, or 1H NMR) is the application of nuclear magnetic resonance in NMR spectroscopy with respect...
    21 KB (2,502 words) - 01:19, 5 October 2024
  • Thumbnail for Chemiosmosis
    by an electron transport chain which acts as a proton pump, using the Gibbs free energy of redox reactions to pump protons (hydrogen ions) out across...
    25 KB (3,182 words) - 03:21, 28 January 2025
  • Thumbnail for Proton emission
    Proton emission (also known as proton radioactivity) is a rare type of radioactive decay in which a proton is ejected from a nucleus. Proton emission can...
    5 KB (478 words) - 23:39, 11 August 2024
  • hydrogen nuclei may eventually result in one helium nucleus: the protonproton chain reaction – which is responsible for most of the Sun's released energy...
    14 KB (1,893 words) - 21:12, 15 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Proton pump
    A proton pump is an integral membrane protein pump that builds up a proton gradient across a biological membrane. Proton pumps catalyze the following reaction:...
    13 KB (1,530 words) - 02:16, 15 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Neutron–proton ratio
    The neutron–proton ratio (N/Z ratio or nuclear ratio) of an atomic nucleus is the ratio of its number of neutrons to its number of protons. Among stable...
    4 KB (523 words) - 12:51, 29 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Super Proton Synchrotron
    The Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) is a particle accelerator of the synchrotron type at CERN. It is housed in a circular tunnel, 6.9 kilometres (4.3 mi)...
    11 KB (1,014 words) - 09:20, 13 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for CNO cycle
    reactions by which stars convert hydrogen to helium, the other being the protonproton chain reaction (p–p cycle), which is more efficient at the Sun's core temperature...
    36 KB (2,600 words) - 05:51, 26 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Decay chain
    In nuclear science a decay chain refers to the predictable series of radioactive disintegrations undergone by the nuclei of certain unstable chemical...
    46 KB (4,006 words) - 21:46, 17 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Solar neutrino
    figure titled "Solar neutrinos (protonproton chain) in the standard solar model", the deuteron will fuse with another proton to create a 3He nucleus and...
    27 KB (3,263 words) - 01:14, 12 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Deuterium
    nuclei). Deuterium is subsequently produced by the slow stellar protonproton chain, but rapidly destroyed by exothermic fusion reactions. The deuterium-deuterium...
    71 KB (8,807 words) - 20:13, 2 May 2025
  • composition, by converting hydrogen nuclei into helium nuclei by the protonproton chain and (to a lesser extent in the Sun than in more massive stars) the...
    29 KB (3,899 words) - 04:18, 27 March 2025
  • likely than two-body interactions. The protons produced by the second reaction can take part in the protonproton chain reaction, or the CNO cycle, but they...
    14 KB (1,675 words) - 11:34, 8 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Neutron
    that has no electric charge, and a mass slightly greater than that of a proton. The neutron was discovered by James Chadwick in 1932, leading to the discovery...
    100 KB (11,294 words) - 23:52, 6 May 2025
  • the first step of the protonproton chain. The first step of the proton-proton chain is a two-stage process: first, two protons fuse to form a diproton:...
    24 KB (2,654 words) - 12:52, 4 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Aneutronic fusion
    aneutronic reactions release energy in the form of charged particles, typically protons or alpha particles. Successful aneutronic fusion would greatly reduce problems...
    45 KB (5,642 words) - 14:23, 26 August 2024
  • nucleus (deuteron) and a proton combine to form a helium-3 nucleus. It occurs as the second stage of the protonproton chain reaction, in which a deuteron...
    12 KB (1,354 words) - 06:33, 26 January 2025
  • = 3.014932246932(74) Da. Helions are intermediate products in the protonproton chain reaction in stellar fusion. An antihelion is the antiparticle of...
    1 KB (190 words) - 16:13, 9 November 2024
  • Thumbnail for Triple-alpha process
    carbon. Helium accumulates in the cores of stars as a result of the protonproton chain reaction and the carbon–nitrogen–oxygen cycle. Nuclear fusion reaction...
    21 KB (2,689 words) - 20:40, 2 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for G-type main-sequence star
    600 million tons of hydrogen into helium in a process known as the protonproton chain (4 hydrogens form 1 helium), converting about 4 million tons of matter...
    12 KB (1,170 words) - 14:37, 20 March 2025
  • Thumbnail for Nuclear chain reaction
    a self-perpetuating nuclear chain reaction, spontaneously producing new isotopes and power without the need for protons or an accelerator. Szilárd, however...
    43 KB (6,129 words) - 18:55, 6 April 2025
  • Thumbnail for Nuclear physics
    created inside stars during a series of fusion stages, such as the protonproton chain, the CNO cycle and the triple-alpha process. Progressively heavier...
    43 KB (5,094 words) - 06:37, 12 May 2025
  • Thumbnail for Black dwarf
    : §IIIE  If protons are not stable, white dwarfs will also be kept warm by energy released from proton decay. For a hypothetical proton lifetime of 1037...
    10 KB (1,157 words) - 16:53, 15 April 2025
  • PP1 may refer to: Protonproton chain reaction Protein phosphatase 1 Constituency PP-1 (Rawalpindi-I) a Constituency of Provincial Assembly of Punjab...
    266 bytes (65 words) - 19:41, 29 December 2019
  • the five stable isotopes of lithium, beryllium, and boron. As the protonproton chain reaction cannot proceed beyond 4He due to the unbound nature of 5He...
    9 KB (1,100 words) - 19:59, 28 January 2025