Tropospheric propagation describes electromagnetic propagation in relation to the troposphere. The service area from a VHF or UHF radio transmitter extends...

there are several less common radio propagation mechanisms, such as tropospheric scattering (troposcatter), tropospheric ducting (ducting) at VHF frequencies...

ISBN 0-900162-71-6, and A TV DXer's Handbook 1986 ISBN 0-85934-150-X. Tropospheric propagation refers to the way radio signals travel through the lowest layer...

radios utilize active repeaters, groundwave propagation, tropospheric scatter links, and ionospheric propagation to extend communication ranges from a few...

In telecommunications, a tropospheric wave is a radio wave that travels via reflection in the troposphere. Trophospheric waves are propagated from a place...

requirements. In addition to that, band 3 signals are more affected by tropospheric propagation which may indirectly increase the actual MUF because the signals...

metres = 6370 km. See Earth radius "P.834 : Effects of tropospheric refraction on radiowave propagation". ITU. 2021-03-05. Retrieved 2021-11-17. Christopher...

In radio communication, skywave or skip refers to the propagation of radio waves reflected or refracted back toward Earth from the ionosphere, an electrically...

audio) in Kyoto, Japan 3,200 km away. Tropospheric propagation Federal Standard 1037C MW DX Skywave Radio propagation Clear-channel station "You Tube". YouTube...

equipment type, terrain, and climate factors. This method of propagation uses the tropospheric scatter phenomenon, where radio waves at UHF and SHF frequencies...

common on the band in summer, tropospheric propagation is marginally more successful than on the 6-metre band, and propagation via the Aurora Borealis and...

to: Tropospheric scatter, also known as tropo-scatter, a method of communicating with microwave radio signals over considerable distances Tropospheric propagation...

signal, SSB communications using tropospheric propagation, sporadic-E, and multi-hop sporadic-E, and for other propagation modes where polarization does...

where they can use groundwave propagation, tropospheric propagation, tropospheric scatter, or ionospheric propagation to reflect or refract signals around...

System for convenience. Its accuracy factors in ionospheric and tropospheric propagation delay errors. Although stations are no longer required for many...

Ontario, with an indoor or outdoor antenna. However, in exceptional tropospheric propagation situations it could be received as far north as Lapeer County....

straight line off into space. The best known of these are:[citation needed] tropospheric ducting sporadic E meteor scatter These and other well-known forms of...

ducts than they would if the ducts were not present Tropospheric ducting, a type of radio propagation in the troposphere that allows signals to travel unusually...

144 MHz and higher frequencies are mainly used to identify tropospheric radio propagation openings. It is not uncommon for VHF and UHF beacons to use...

conditions. Mirage of astronomical objects Fata Morgana (mirage) Tropospheric propagation Heidorn, Keith (July 15, 1999). "The Superior Mirage: Seeing Beyond"...

nightlight programming. In some areas of the market on days with strong tropospheric propagation across Lake Michigan, the signal of WHME-TV from South Bend, which...

signal propagation and multiple reflections (hops) and local interference the DCF77 signal can sometimes be received further away (see tropospheric propagation)...

Ground wave is a mode of radio propagation that consists of currents traveling through the earth. Ground waves propagate parallel to and adjacent to the...

broadcast. The experiments continued throughout September, and tropospheric propagation helped increase the reception. These experimental broadcasts resumed...

in Syracuse or CBS affiliate WWTV in Cadillac, Michigan) due to tropospheric propagation overwhelming CFTO's signal. Often, when CFTO programming actually...

other, the unique geography of Southern California results in tropospheric propagation. This phenomenon makes co-channel interference a significant enough...

telecommunications-oriented laboratories (focused on ionospheric and tropospheric propagation, respectively) joined to form the Institute for Telecommunication...

Television stations in western and central Michigan are subject to tropospheric propagation, along with the flat waters of Lake Michigan effectively allowing...

signal - total electron content - troposphere - tropospheric propagation - tropospheric scatter - tropospheric wave - TV and FM DX - UHF - UHF CB - ultrahigh...

1986. A curious fact is that, due to a thermal inversion effect (tropospheric propagation), the station was received in Santos, in the state of São Paulo...