Valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory (/ˈvɛspər, vəˈsɛpər/ VESP-ər,: 410  və-SEP-ər) is a model used in chemistry to predict the geometry...

levels of s and p orbitals. Bent's rule represents a modification of VSEPR theory for molecules of lower than ideal symmetry. For bonds with the larger...

polarity of bonds. The octet rule and VSEPR theory are examples. More sophisticated theories are valence bond theory, which includes orbital hybridization...

angles in the table below are ideal angles from the simple VSEPR theory (pronounced "Vesper Theory")[citation needed], followed by the actual angle for the...

pair is a concept used in valence shell electron pair repulsion theory (VSEPR theory) which explains the shapes of molecules. They are also referred to...

and methylene (CH2). This geometry is almost always consistent with VSEPR theory, which usually explains non-collinearity of atoms with a presence of...

above and below the plane (axial or apical positions). According to the VSEPR theory of molecular geometry, an axial position is more crowded because an axial...

example of steric activity is SnCl2, which is bent in accordance with VSEPR theory. Some examples where the lone pair appears to be inactive are bismuth(III)...

geometry are sometimes described as sp3 hybridized. The AXE method for VSEPR theory states that the classification is AX3E1. The nitrogen in ammonia has...

1918 to the 1920s and from 1939 to 1945 Vespa Vespers (disambiguation) VSEPR theory in chemistry, often pronounced "Vesper" This disambiguation page lists...

repulsion (VSEPR) theory, which can be used to predict molecular geometry based on empirical rules rather than on valence-bond or orbital theories. As the...

approaches are used, including semi-empirical methods, density functional theory, Hartree–Fock calculations, quantum Monte Carlo methods, and coupled cluster...

the crystal, the species adopts a pyramidal structure, in accord with VSEPR theory. Bismuth chloride can be synthesized directly by passing chlorine over...

and lone pairs, in what has been called "a faithful visualization of VSEPR theory in action". Another feature of the ELF is that it is invariant concerning...

difluoride is a chemical compound with the formula OF2. As predicted by VSEPR theory, the molecule adopts a bent molecular geometry.[citation needed] It is...

qualitative theories. Such theories are easier to learn as they require little background in quantum theory. Within main group compounds, VSEPR theory powerfully...

stereochemistry is denoted in skeletal formulae. Solid-state chemistry VSEPR theory Nuclear Overhauser effect, a method in nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy...

should feature the strongest bonding of all group 17 monofluorides. VSEPR theory predicts a bent-T-shaped molecular geometry for the group 17 trifluorides...

as has been confirmed by neutron diffraction studies. According to VSEPR theory, in addition to four fluoride ligands, the xenon center has two lone...

fourth apex of an approximately regular tetrahedron, as predicted by the VSEPR theory. This orbital is not participating in covalent bonding; it is electron-rich...

bonding in chemicals (including the theories of bonding i.e. valence bond theory, VSEPR theory and molecular orbital theory), coordination compounds and complexes...

a non-bonded lone pair on the sulfur, so the structure predicted by VSEPR theory is trigonal pyramidal, as in ammonia (NH3). In the hybrid resonance structure...

tetrahedral molecular geometry of the sulfate ion is as predicted by VSEPR theory. The first description of the bonding in modern terms was by Gilbert...

precursor to acid rain. The molecule SO3 is trigonal planar. As predicted by VSEPR theory, its structure belongs to the D3h point group. The sulfur atom has an...

T-shaped molecules are the halogen trifluorides, such as ClF3. According to VSEPR theory, T-shaped geometry results when three ligands and two lone pairs of electrons...

059. Nash, Clinton S.; Bursten, Bruce E. (1999). "Spin-Orbit Effects, VSEPR Theory, and the Electronic Structures of Heavy and Superheavy Group IVA Hydrides...

compounds that have a stereochemically-active lone pair, as described by VSEPR theory. Certain compounds crystallize in both the trigonal bipyramidal and the...

two long bonds (1.698 Å). This structure agrees with the prediction of VSEPR theory, which predicts lone pairs of electrons as occupying two equatorial positions...

as Be2C. The gas phase is noteworthy for failing the predictions of VSEPR theory; the CaF2 molecule is not linear like MgF2, but bent with a bond angle...

known as VSEPR theory. Examples of this structure include phosphorus pentafluoride and phosphorus pentachloride in the gaseous phase. In color theory, the...