In mathematical physics, the causal structure of a Lorentzian manifold describes the possible causal relationships between points in the manifold. Lorentzian...

as all the objects therein as secondary objects from the structures of an underlying causal fermion system. This concept also makes it possible to generalize...

axiomatic framework where the causal precedence played a critical role. The first explicit proposal of quantising the causal structure of spacetime is attributed...

causality is implicit in the structure of ordinary language, as well as explicit in the language of scientific causal notation. In English studies of...

but the postulated structuring can also be presented using diagrams containing arrows as in Figures 1 and 2. The causal structures imply that specific...

graph there is a causal structure, either an explicit order or time in the example or an order which can be derived from graph structure. This follows because...

Two entities are in causal contact if there may be an event that has affected both in a causal way. Every object of mass in space, for instance, exerts...

paradox Cosmic censorship hypothesis Retrocausality Wormhole Causality Causal structure Chronology protection conjecture Münchhausen trilemma Time loop Time...

Relativity 4. The Physical Significance of Curvature 5. Exact Solutions 6. Causal Structure 7. The Cauchy Problem in General Relativity 8. Space–time Singularities...

(null geodesics) yields key information about the spacetime's causal structure. This structure can be displayed using Penrose–Carter diagrams in which infinitely...

Causal reasoning is the process of identifying causality: the relationship between a cause and its effect. The study of causality extends from ancient...

classifications of Lorentzian manifolds according to the types of causal structures they admit. In the study of spacetimes, there exists a hierarchy of...

Causal analysis is the field of experimental design and statistical analysis pertaining to establishing cause and effect. Exploratory causal analysis (ECA)...

epidemiology, genetics and related disciplines, causal graphs (also known as path diagrams, causal Bayesian networks or DAGs) are probabilistic graphical...

general relativity, Cauchy surfaces provide boundary conditions for the causal structure in which the Einstein equations can be solved (using, for example,...

that the causal structure of a spacetime suffices to reconstruct its conformal class, so knowing the conformal factor and the causal structure is enough...

to causal dynamical triangulation is called causal sets. Both CDT and causal sets attempt to model the spacetime with a discrete causal structure. The...

located in causal future (also called the absolute future) in the figure) and past-directed timelike vectors whose first component is negative (causal past...

through an event horizon, which might prevent an observer from detecting the causal violation (also known as chronology violation). In a 1992 paper, Hawking...

causal determinism, that the occurrence or existence of yet other things depends upon our deliberating, choosing and acting in a certain way. Causal determinism...

(1997). "What makes an analogy difficult? The effects of order and causal structure in analogical mapping". Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning...

the operators have to be specified. The Wightman axioms restrict the causal structure of the theory by imposing either commutativity or anticommutativity...

beautiful and the sublime, for Burke, can be understood by means of their causal structures. According to Aristotelian physics and metaphysics, causation can...

mathematical physics, global hyperbolicity is a certain condition on the causal structure of a spacetime manifold (that is, a Lorentzian manifold). It is called...

nature's structure and thereby involves the ontic (concerning reality), how the phenomenon "fits into the causal nexus" of the world (Salmon's causal/mechanical...

Causal AI is a technique in artificial intelligence that builds a causal model and can thereby make inferences using causality rather than just correlation...

mathematical physicist Roger Penrose) is a two-dimensional diagram capturing the causal relations between different points in spacetime through a conformal treatment...

Composition – experience is structured Each axiom is mapped onto a physical postulate about a system’s causal structure: The system must exert intrinsic...

fundamental object of study. The metric captures all the geometric and causal structure of spacetime, being used to define notions such as time, distance,...

directed acyclic graph (DAG). While it is one of several forms of causal notation, causal networks are special cases of Bayesian networks. Bayesian networks...