The history of logic deals with the study of the development of the science of valid inference (logic). Formal logics developed in ancient times in India...

Rules of inference are ways of deriving conclusions from premises. They are integral parts of formal logic, serving as norms of the logical structure of valid...

logic, algebraic logic is the reasoning obtained by manipulating equations with free variables. What is now usually called classical algebraic logic focuses...

Mathematical logic is the study of formal logic within mathematics. Major subareas include model theory, proof theory, set theory, and recursion theory...

Logic programming is a programming, database and knowledge representation paradigm based on formal logic. A logic program is a set of sentences in logical...

In logic and formal semantics, term logic, also known as traditional logic, syllogistic logic or Aristotelian logic, is a loose name for an approach to...

The history of logic as a subject has been characterised by many disputes over what the topic deals with, and the main article 'Logic' has as a result...

Classical logic (or standard logic) or Frege–Russell logic is the intensively studied and most widely used class of deductive logic. Classical logic has had...

Modal logic is a kind of logic used to represent statements about necessity and possibility. In philosophy and related fields it is used as a tool for...

In computer engineering, logic synthesis is a process by which an abstract specification of desired circuit behavior, typically at register transfer level...

Logic is the study of correct reasoning. It includes both formal and informal logic. Formal logic is the study of deductively valid inferences or logical...

the history of logic, linguistics, philosophy of language, and related disciplines. Some researchers have doubted whether a consistent definition of propositionhood...

Non-classical logics (and sometimes alternative logics or non-Aristotelian logics) are formal systems that differ in a significant way from standard logical...

branch of logic. It is also called propositional logic, statement logic, sentential calculus, sentential logic, or sometimes zeroth-order logic. Sometimes...

Logic models are hypothesized descriptions of the causal chains in certain plans, used to show programmes of action and the results desired from them....

In logic, specifically in deductive reasoning, an argument is valid if and only if it takes a form that makes it impossible for the premises to be true...

In logic, a three-valued logic (also trinary logic, trivalent, ternary, or trilean, sometimes abbreviated 3VL) is any of several many-valued logic systems...

mathematics is an extension of logic, some or all of mathematics is reducible to logic, or some or all of mathematics may be modelled in logic. Bertrand Russell...

marry a woman who is not a virgin. This closed logic loop clearly illustrated Catch-22 because by her logic, all men who refuse to marry her are sane and...

In mathematics and logic, a higher-order logic (abbreviated HOL) is a form of logic that is distinguished from first-order logic by additional quantifiers...

Classical logic Computability logic Deontic logic Dependence logic Description logic Deviant logic Doxastic logic Epistemic logic First-order logic Formal...

In logic and mathematics, second-order logic is an extension of first-order logic, which itself is an extension of propositional logic. Second-order logic...

true or false. A logic satisfying this principle is called a two-valued logic or bivalent logic. In formal logic, the principle of bivalence becomes...

Notator Logic, or Logic, by German software developer C-Lab which later went by Emagic. Apple acquired Emagic in 2002 and renamed Logic to Logic Pro. It...

In logic, a predicate is a symbol that represents a property or a relation. For instance, in the first-order formula P ( a ) {\displaystyle P(a)} , the...

Categorical logic is the branch of mathematics in which tools and concepts from category theory are applied to the study of mathematical logic. It is also...

In mathematics and logic, an axiomatic system is a set of formal statements (i.e. axioms) used to logically derive other statements such as lemmas or theorems...

China is a special case in the history of logic, due to its relatively long isolation from the corresponding traditions that developed in Europe, India...

mathematical logic in van Heijenoort 1967, p. 356. cf Curry and Feys 1958; Quine in van Heijenoort 1967, p. 357. von Neumann's critique of the history observes...

In deductive logic, a consistent theory is one that does not lead to a logical contradiction. A theory T {\displaystyle T} is consistent if there is no...