mathematics, proto-value functions (PVFs) are automatically learned basis functions that are useful in approximating task-specific value functions, providing...

Cap'n Proto can avoid copying and encoding data when creating or reading a message and instead point to the location of the value in memory. Cap'n Proto also...

The Proto-Sinaitic script is a Middle Bronze Age writing system known from a small corpus of about 30–40 inscriptions and fragments from Serabit el-Khadim...

characters used to write reconstructed Proto-Indo-European words (for an explanation of the notation, see Proto-Indo-European phonology). Without proper...

Proto-Slavic (abbreviated PSl., PS.; also called Common Slavic or Common Slavonic) is the unattested, reconstructed proto-language of all Slavic languages...

A proto-city is a large, dense Neolithic settlement that is largely distinguished from a city by its lack of planning and centralized rule. The term mega-sites...

The following is a table of many of the most fundamental Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) words and roots, with their cognates in all of the major families...

The Proto-Elamite script is an early Bronze Age writing system briefly in use before the introduction of Elamite cuneiform. There are many similarities...

Proto-Afroasiatic (PAA), also known as Proto-Hamito-Semitic, Proto-Semito-Hamitic, and Proto-Afrasian, is the reconstructed proto-language from which...

bar = function() { foo(); }; o.bar(); // prints 3 var x = 3; f = function() { $print(x); } x = 4; f(); // print 3 var proto = $new(null); proto.foo =...

characters used to write reconstructed Proto-Indo-European words (for an explanation of the notation, see Proto-Indo-European phonology). Without proper...

*Trito is a significant figure in Proto-Indo-European mythology, representing the first warrior and acting as a culture hero. He is connected to other...

Proto-Berber or Proto-Libyan is the reconstructed proto-language from which the modern Berber languages descend. Proto-Berber was an Afroasiatic language...

except Muscogee for which it is /k/ initially and /p/ medially. The value of the proto-phoneme conventionally written ⟨θ⟩ (or ⟨N⟩) is unknown; it appears...

characters used to write reconstructed Proto-Indo-European words (for an explanation of the notation, see Proto-Indo-European phonology). Without proper...

Proto-Athabaskan is the reconstructed ancestor of the Athabaskan languages. The reconstruction of Proto-Athabaskan phonology is still under active debate...

The value-form or form of value ("Wertform" in German) is an important concept in Karl Marx's critique of political economy, discussed in the first chapter...

reconstructed Proto-Indo-European mythology. The comparative analysis of different Indo-European tales has led scholars to reconstruct an original Proto-Indo-European...

of Oman where it is pronounced as the voiced velar plosive [ɡ]. In its Proto-Canaanite form, the letter may have been named after a weapon that was either...

also known as the Byblos syllabary, Pseudo-hieroglyphic script, Proto-Byblian, Proto-Byblic, or Byblic, is an undeciphered writing system, known from...

Proto-Cubism (also referred to as Protocubism, Early Cubism, and Pre-Cubism or Précubisme) is an intermediary transition phase in the history of art chronologically...

The Hindu–Arabic numeral system is a decimal place-value numeral system that uses a zero glyph as in "205". Its glyphs are descended from the Indian Brahmi...

ancient Roman writers referred to the ancestors of Slavs as Venedi. The proto-Slavic term Slav shares roots with Slavic terms for speech, word , and perhaps...

without value, similar to the modern-day zero. Babylonians later devised a sign to represent this empty place. They lacked a symbol to serve the function of...

to the word how), derive from the Proto-Indo-European root kwo- or kwi, the former of which was reflected in Proto-Germanic as χwa- or khwa-, due to Grimm's...

numerical impressions, and proto-cuneiform numerals, cuneiform numerals are today sometimes ambiguous in the numerical values they represent. This ambiguity...

base 60, and was practically equivalent to a modern-day table of values of the sine function. Medieval astronomers also used sexagesimal numbers to note time...

the value of Legendre's constant, introduced in 1808 by Adrien-Marie Legendre to express the asymptotic behavior of the prime-counting function. The...

that value is not based upon cost but that costs were paid because of value. This last point was famously restated by the Nineteenth Century proto-marginalist...

innovation that simply meant 'hissing', from the root of σίζω (sízō, from Proto-Greek *sig-jō 'I hiss'). In handwritten Greek during the Hellenistic period...