In physics, a wave vector (or wavevector) is a vector used in describing a wave, with a typical unit being cycle per metre. It has a magnitude and direction...

{\displaystyle \psi } is the wave function, u {\displaystyle u} is a periodic function with the same periodicity as the crystal, the wave vector k {\displaystyle...

In special relativity, a four-vector (or 4-vector, sometimes Lorentz vector) is an object with four components, which transform in a specific way under...

ky, kz) is the wave vector (in radians per meter), and ϕ 0 {\displaystyle \phi _{0}} is the phase angle (in radians). The wave vector is related to the...

electromagnetic wave, the value of F {\displaystyle F} can be the electric field vector E {\displaystyle E} , or the magnetic field vector H {\displaystyle...

interpretations of quantum mechanics, wave function collapse, also called reduction of the state vector, occurs when a wave function—initially in a superposition...

can be characterized by a wave vector where one or more of the vector's components has an imaginary value. Because the vector has imaginary components...

In physics, the Poynting vector (or Umov–Poynting vector) represents the directional energy flux (the energy transfer per unit area, per unit time) or...

scattering process the initial state wave vector ki of the electron wave function is scattered to a final state wave vector kf. Because the electron gas is...

be scalars, vectors, or any other physical or mathematical quantity. They can be complex numbers, as in a complex exponential plane wave. When the values...

wavenumber is the magnitude of the wave vector. The space of wave vectors is called reciprocal space. Wave numbers and wave vectors play an essential role in optics...

a unit-length vector, the direction of propagation of the wave, and " ⋅ {\displaystyle \cdot } " denotes the dot product of two vectors. The parameter...

2 × 1 column vector for a non-relativistic electron with spin 1⁄2). According to the superposition principle of quantum mechanics, wave functions can...

the magnitude of the wave vector depend on the wave speed this requires a change in direction of the wave vector. The relevant wave speed in the discussion...

quasimomentum is a momentum-like vector associated with electrons in a crystal lattice. It is defined by the associated wave vectors k {\displaystyle \mathbf...

outgoing wave vectors (to the crystal and from the crystal, by scattering), and G {\displaystyle \mathbf {G} } is a crystal reciprocal lattice vector. Due...

{\mathbf {r} }}),} where i is the imaginary unit, k is a wave vector of length k, r is a position vector of length r, jℓ are spherical Bessel functions, Pℓ...

single scattering or kinematical theory with conservation of energy (wave vector). Many different types of X-ray sources exist, ranging from ones used...

as a wave with field components in transverse polarization (perpendicular to the direction of the wave vector). A mathematical description of wave propagation...

(Here the physics definition for the wave vector is used, which is 2 π {\displaystyle 2\pi } times the wave vector used in crystallography, see wavevector...

reciprocal lattice is the set of all vectors G m {\displaystyle \mathbf {G} _{m}} , that are wavevectors k of plane waves in the Fourier series of a spatial...

either energy or the wave vector k. To convert between the DOS as a function of the energy and the DOS as a function of the wave vector, the system-specific...

"polarization" direction of an electromagnetic wave is given by its electric field vector. Considering a monochromatic plane wave of optical frequency f (light of vacuum...

manifold which admits a covariantly constant null vector field k {\displaystyle k} is called a pp-wave spacetime. That is, the covariant derivative of k...

wavenumber k with a wave vector that specifies the direction and wavenumber of a plane wave in 3-space, parameterized by position vector r. In that case,...

U-process or Umklapp process) is a scattering process that results in a wave vector (usually written k) which falls outside the first Brillouin zone. If...

{\boldsymbol {p}}=\hbar {\boldsymbol {k}}~,} where k is the wave vector, where k ≡ |k| = ⁠ 2π /λ⁠   is the wave number, and ω ≡ 2 πν   is the angular frequency,...

time. The set of all wave vectors is k-space. Usually, the position vector r is more intuitive and simpler than the wave vector k, though the converse...

waves. The Langmuir wave is a purely longitudinal wave, that is, the wave vector is in the same direction as the E-field. It is an electrostatic wave;...

solutions to this equation are waves that satisfy two conditions. First, if k → {\displaystyle {\vec {k}}} is the wave vector, u → ⋅ k → = 0 , {\displaystyle...