Effect algebras are partial algebras which abstract the (partial) algebraic properties of events that can be observed in quantum mechanics. Structures...

Algebraic notation is the standard method of chess notation, used for recording and describing moves. It is based on a system of coordinates to identify...

mathematics and mathematical logic, Boolean algebra is a branch of algebra. It differs from elementary algebra in two ways. First, the values of the variables...

operation effect algebras There is a "Meta Birkhoff Theorem" by Andreka, Nemeti and Sain (1982). Peter Burmeister (1993). "Partial algebras—an introductory...

memory region in which the cell resides). The term "algebraic effect" follows from the type system. Effect systems may be used to prove the external purity...

In database theory, relational algebra is a theory that uses algebraic structures for modeling data and defining queries on it with well founded semantics...

In abstract algebra, a branch of pure mathematics, an MV-algebra is an algebraic structure with a binary operation ⊕ {\displaystyle \oplus } , a unary...

In linear algebra and functional analysis, a projection is a linear transformation P {\displaystyle P} from a vector space to itself (an endomorphism)...

Homological algebra is the branch of mathematics that studies homology in a general algebraic setting. It is a relatively young discipline, whose origins...

Algebra can essentially be considered as doing computations similar to those of arithmetic but with non-numerical mathematical objects. However, until...

Conformal geometric algebra (CGA) is the geometric algebra constructed over the resultant space of a map from points in an n-dimensional base space Rp...

application. The concept of idempotence arises in a number of places in abstract algebra (in particular, in the theory of projectors and closure operators) and...

and real numbers. A field is thus a fundamental algebraic structure which is widely used in algebra, number theory, and many other areas of mathematics...

termed geometric algebra, a special case of the Clifford algebra named in his honour. The operations of geometric algebra have the effect of mirroring, rotating...

The Zeeman effect (Dutch: [ˈzeːmɑn]) is the splitting of a spectral line into several components in the presence of a static magnetic field. It is caused...

3, 2018) was an American mathematician known for his research on the algebraic foundations of quantum mechanics. He spent much of his career at the University...

In linear algebra, linear transformations can be represented by matrices. If T {\displaystyle T} is a linear transformation mapping R n {\displaystyle...

a consequence, a product of two negative numbers is positive. For an algebraic proof of this result, start with the equation 0 = −1 ⋅ 0 = −1 ⋅ [1 + (−1)]...

division algebra over the real numbers, and therefore a ring, also a division ring and a domain. It is a special case of a Clifford algebra, classified...

polynomial algebras are used for the study of algebraic varieties, which are solution sets of systems of polynomial equations. Weyl algebras and Lie algebras may...

composition algebras frequently applied in mathematical physics. The Cayley–Dickson construction defines a new algebra as a Cartesian product of an algebra with...

which map states to probabilities and are usually described by an effect algebra; a set of possible physical operations, i.e., transformations that map...

enveloping algebra of a Lie algebra is the unital associative algebra whose representations correspond precisely to the representations of that Lie algebra. Universal...

boundary of no escape is called the event horizon. A black hole has a great effect on the fate and circumstances of an object crossing it, but has no locally...

In electromagnetism, skin effect is the tendency of an alternating electric current (AC) to become distributed within a conductor such that the current...

metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, MOS FET, or MOS transistor) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly...

abstract algebraic structures by representing their elements as linear transformations of vector spaces, and studies modules over these abstract algebraic structures...

apart from the elementary symbolic algebra: Expectation algebra, Variance algebra, Covariance algebra, Moment algebra, etc. Considering two random variables...

groups, Lie algebras and their representation theory, a Lie algebra extension e is an enlargement of a given Lie algebra g by another Lie algebra h. Extensions...

The rank–nullity theorem is a theorem in linear algebra, which asserts: the number of columns of a matrix M is the sum of the rank of M and the nullity...