An approximation is anything that is intentionally similar but not exactly equal to something else. The word approximation is derived from Latin approximatus...

mathematics, Stirling's approximation (or Stirling's formula) is an asymptotic approximation for factorials. It is a good approximation, leading to accurate...

Rational approximation may refer to: Diophantine approximation, the approximation of real numbers by rational numbers Padé approximation, the approximation of...

expansion used in the approximation. The expressions: a zeroth-order approximation, a first-order approximation, a second-order approximation, and so forth are...

In the mathematical theory of artificial neural networks, universal approximation theorems are theorems of the following form: Given a family of neural...

A minimax approximation algorithm (or L∞ approximation or uniform approximation) is a method to find an approximation of a mathematical function that...

successive approximation are a category of strategies in pure and applied mathematics. Successive approximation also may refer to: Successive approximation ADC...

In models of radiative transfer, the two-stream approximation is a discrete ordinate approximation in which radiation propagating along only two discrete...

In mathematics, a linear approximation is an approximation of a general function using a linear function (more precisely, an affine function). They are...

In mathematics, the Lanczos approximation is a method for computing the gamma function numerically, published by Cornelius Lanczos in 1964. It is a practical...

quantum chemistry and molecular physics, the Born–Oppenheimer (BO) approximation is the assumption that the wave functions of atomic nuclei and electrons...

can be calculated with reasonable accuracy by the following simple approximations: sin ⁡ θ ≈ tan ⁡ θ ≈ θ , cos ⁡ θ ≈ 1 − 1 2 θ 2 ≈ 1 , {\displaystyle...

The approximation error in a given data value represents the significant discrepancy that arises when an exact, true value is compared against some approximation...

In computer science and operations research, approximation algorithms are efficient algorithms that find approximate solutions to optimization problems...

In geometric optics, the paraxial approximation is a small-angle approximation used in Gaussian optics and ray tracing of light through an optical system...

In astrodynamics, the patched conic approximation or patched two-body approximation is a method to simplify trajectory calculations for spacecraft in...

for N much larger than n, the binomial distribution remains a good approximation, and is widely used. If the random variable X follows the binomial distribution...

Approximations for the mathematical constant pi (π) in the history of mathematics reached an accuracy within 0.04% of the true value before the beginning...

Rayleigh–Gans approximation, also known as Rayleigh–Gans–Debye approximation and Rayleigh–Gans–Born approximation, is an approximate solution to light...

The binomial approximation is useful for approximately calculating powers of sums of 1 and a small number x. It states that ( 1 + x ) α ≈ 1 + α x . {\displaystyle...

Fitness approximation aims to approximate the objective or fitness functions in evolutionary optimization by building up machine learning models based...

In mathematics, low-rank approximation refers to the process of approximating a given matrix by a matrix of lower rank. More precisely, it is a minimization...

scattering theory and in particular in quantum mechanics, the Born approximation consists of taking the incident field in place of the total field as...

A successive-approximation ADC is a type of analog-to-digital converter (ADC) that digitizes each sample from a continuous analog waveform using a binary...

In calculus, Taylor's theorem gives an approximation of a k {\textstyle k} -times differentiable function around a given point by a polynomial of degree...

Boussinesq approximation may refer to several modelling concepts – as introduced by Joseph Valentin Boussinesq (1842–1929), a French mathematician and...

In fluid dynamics, the Boussinesq approximation (pronounced [businɛsk], named for Joseph Valentin Boussinesq) is used in the field of buoyancy-driven...

In theoretical physics, the eikonal approximation (Greek εἰκών for likeness, icon or image) is an approximative method useful in wave scattering equations...

In algebraic group theory, approximation theorems are an extension of the Chinese remainder theorem to algebraic groups G over global fields k. Eichler...

CUR matrix approximation is a set of three matrices that, when multiplied together, closely approximate a given matrix. A CUR approximation can be used...