• Thumbnail for Neon
    (2005). "Neon". Radiogenic isotope geology. Cambridge University Press. p. 303. ISBN 978-0-521-82316-6. Resources on Isotopes Periodic Table—Neon at the...
    32 KB (3,820 words) - 21:12, 28 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Uranium
    Uranium (section Isotopes)
    4.5 billion years for different isotopes, making them useful for dating the age of the Earth. The most common isotopes in natural uranium are uranium-238...
    110 KB (12,403 words) - 09:40, 16 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Xenon
    Xenon (section Isotopes)
    seven stable isotopes and two long-lived radioactive isotopes. More than 40 unstable xenon isotopes undergo radioactive decay, and the isotope ratios of...
    110 KB (11,998 words) - 16:13, 26 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Platinum
    Platinum (section Isotopes)
    Platinum also has 38 synthetic isotopes ranging in atomic mass from 165 to 208, making the total number of known isotopes 44. The least stable of these...
    67 KB (7,084 words) - 14:31, 28 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Plutonium
    isotopes of plutonium range in mass number from 228 to 247. The primary decay modes of isotopes with mass numbers lower than the most stable isotope,...
    141 KB (15,142 words) - 23:03, 18 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Silicon
    Silicon (section Isotopes)
    48 MeV of energy. The known isotopes of silicon range in mass number from 22 to 44. The most common decay mode of the isotopes with mass numbers lower than...
    85 KB (10,611 words) - 10:15, 3 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Zirconium
    Zirconium (section Isotopes)
    artificial isotopes of zirconium have been synthesized, ranging in atomic mass from 78 to 110. 93Zr is the longest-lived artificial isotope, with a half-life...
    35 KB (4,158 words) - 20:26, 18 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Radium
    Radium (section Isotopes)
    of neptunium-237, these are the five most stable isotopes of radium. All other 27 known radium isotopes have half-lives under two hours, and the majority...
    67 KB (7,377 words) - 18:04, 25 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Radon
    Radon (section Isotopes)
    generated. Radon isotopes are the immediate decay products of radium isotopes. The instability of radon-222, its most stable isotope, makes radon one...
    115 KB (13,137 words) - 10:16, 16 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Potassium
    Potassium (section Isotopes)
    stable isotopes of potassium can be laser cooled and used to probe fundamental and technological problems in quantum physics. The two bosonic isotopes possess...
    93 KB (10,765 words) - 10:13, 24 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cobalt
    Cobalt (section Isotopes)
    than 15 minutes. The isotopes of cobalt range in atomic weight from 50 u (50Co) to 73 u (73Co). The primary decay mode for isotopes with atomic mass unit...
    93 KB (10,017 words) - 07:58, 3 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Lutetium
    Lutetium (section Isotopes)
    isotopes are lutetium-174 with a half-life of 3.31 years, and lutetium-173 with a half-life of 1.37 years. All of the remaining radioactive isotopes have...
    33 KB (3,978 words) - 15:44, 29 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Selenium
    Selenium (section Isotopes)
    isotopes primarily undergo beta plus decay to isotopes of arsenic, and isotopes heavier than the stable isotopes undergo beta minus decay to isotopes...
    95 KB (10,993 words) - 06:48, 19 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Helium
    Helium (section Isotopes)
    possible to produce exotic helium isotopes, which rapidly decay into other substances. The shortest-lived heavy helium isotope is the unbound helium-10 with...
    146 KB (16,095 words) - 03:31, 25 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thulium
    Thulium (section Isotopes)
    68 (erbium) isotopes, and the primary products after are element 70 (ytterbium) isotopes. Thulium-169 is thulium's only primordial isotope and is the only...
    27 KB (3,236 words) - 21:42, 1 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hafnium
    Hafnium (section Isotopes)
    elements. At least 40 isotopes of hafnium have been observed, ranging in mass number from 153 to 192. The five stable isotopes have mass numbers ranging...
    46 KB (5,394 words) - 10:29, 12 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ytterbium
    Ytterbium (section Isotopes)
    The isotopes of ytterbium range from 149Yb to 187Yb. The primary decay mode of ytterbium isotopes lighter than the most abundant stable isotope, 174Yb...
    42 KB (5,219 words) - 14:58, 28 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Neodymium
    Neodymium (section Isotopes)
    (praseodymium) isotopes, and the primary products after 142Nd are element Pm (promethium) isotopes. Four of the five stable isotopes are only observationally...
    59 KB (6,824 words) - 09:23, 18 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Tantalum
    Tantalum (section Isotopes)
    isotope in the Universe, taking into account the elemental abundance of tantalum and isotopic abundance of 180mTa in the natural mixture of isotopes (and...
    53 KB (6,121 words) - 07:36, 19 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Praseodymium
    isotopes lighter than 141Pr is positron emission or electron capture to isotopes of cerium, while that of heavier isotopes is beta decay to isotopes of...
    37 KB (4,819 words) - 02:06, 4 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gallium
    Gallium (section Isotopes)
    percent upon melting. Gallium has 31 known isotopes, ranging in mass number from 56 to 86. Only two isotopes are stable and occur naturally, gallium-69...
    74 KB (8,755 words) - 22:11, 1 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Iodine
    Iodine (section Isotopes)
    Because of the specificity of its uptake by the human body, radioactive isotopes of iodine can also be used to treat thyroid cancer. Iodine is also used...
    106 KB (11,803 words) - 22:10, 27 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thorium
    Thorium (section Isotopes)
    ignite in air when finely divided. All known thorium isotopes are unstable. The most stable isotope, 232Th, has a half-life of 14.05 billion years, or about...
    136 KB (15,902 words) - 07:42, 19 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Neptunium
    Neptunium (section Isotopes)
    and iron, so as to recycle long-lived waste isotopes such as neptunium-237 into shorter-lived isotopes more useful as nuclear fuel. One neptunium-based...
    112 KB (13,575 words) - 12:37, 26 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Lanthanum
    Lanthanum (section Isotopes)
    always is to be mentioned. Naturally occurring lanthanum is made up of two isotopes, the stable 139 La and the primordial long-lived radioisotope 138 La. 139...
    48 KB (6,025 words) - 12:54, 1 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hydrogen
    Hydrogen (section Isotopes)
    names are assigned to its isotopes in common use today. During the early study of radioactivity, various heavy radioactive isotopes were given their own names...
    122 KB (12,439 words) - 06:24, 28 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Holmium
    Holmium (section Isotopes)
    isotopes, and the primary products after are erbium isotopes. Natural holmium consists of one primordial isotope, holmium-165; it is the only isotope...
    36 KB (4,127 words) - 15:09, 2 June 2024
  • Thumbnail for Copper
    Copper (section Isotopes)
    compounds, with which it reacts to form various copper sulfides. There are 29 isotopes of copper. 63 Cu and 65 Cu are stable, with 63 Cu comprising approximately...
    120 KB (13,741 words) - 23:52, 27 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Chromium
    Chromium (section Isotopes)
    years). Chromium isotopes are typically collocated (and compounded) with manganese isotopes. This circumstance is useful in isotope geology. Manganese-chromium...
    99 KB (11,258 words) - 16:12, 19 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Fluorine
    Fluorine (section Isotopes)
    decay in less than half a second. The isotopes 17 F and 18 F undergo β+ decay and electron capture, lighter isotopes decay by proton emission, and those...
    157 KB (15,265 words) - 20:28, 30 May 2024