adaptive offline adversary. For randomized online algorithms competitiveness can depend upon the adversary model used. The three common adversaries are the oblivious...

cryptosystem from achieving their goal Adversary model, in online algorithms, used to show competitiveness of randomized algorithms Adversarial alignment, when an...

matrix representation adversary algorithm algorithm BSTW algorithm FGK algorithmic efficiency algorithmically solvable algorithm V all pairs shortest path...

A randomized algorithm is an algorithm that employs a degree of randomness as part of its logic or procedure. The algorithm typically uses uniformly random...

prevent forgery by adversaries without knowledge of the secret key, this is insufficient in certain scenarios. When an adversary is able to control the...

bipartite matching Adversary model Dynamic algorithm Prophet inequality Real-time computing Streaming algorithm Sequential algorithm Online machine learning/Offline...

Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir and Leonard Adleman, who publicly described the algorithm in 1977. An equivalent system was developed secretly in 1973 at Government...

Performance of algorithms depend on the construction of request sequences by adversaries under various adversary models An online algorithm for this problem...

In computer science, a selection algorithm is an algorithm for finding the k {\displaystyle k} th smallest value in a collection of ordered values, such...

encryption scheme usually uses a pseudo-random encryption key generated by an algorithm. It is possible to decrypt the message without possessing the key but...

By treating opponents as a unified adversary whose payoff is the opposite of the focal player’s payoff, the algorithm can apply branch and bound techniques...

receiver confidentially, in spite of eavesdropping and intercepting adversaries. Modern standards for public-key encryption of arbitrary messages are...

recover a cipher's key. It is defined as the probability that the adversary algorithm can guess a cipher's randomly selected key, given a fixed amount...

MR 1471991, S2CID 13403194. Algorithms: Dasgupta, Papadimitriou, Vazirani Vazirani, Umesh Virkumar (1986-01-01). Randomness, Adversaries and Computation. University...

The randomized weighted majority algorithm is an algorithm in machine learning theory for aggregating expert predictions to a series of decision problems...

for on-line and randomized algorithms, which are typically data dependent. In competitive analysis, one imagines an "adversary" which deliberately chooses...

oracle. Say that an adversary algorithm has access to an oracle that will apply a function to inputs that are sent to it. The algorithm sends the oracle...

parties (called adversaries). More generally, it is about constructing and analyzing protocols that overcome the influence of adversaries and that are related...

Alpha–beta pruning is a search algorithm that seeks to decrease the number of nodes that are evaluated by the minimax algorithm in its search tree. It is an...

cryptographic algorithms are designed around computational hardness assumptions, making such algorithms hard to break in actual practice by any adversary. While...

In cryptography, a block cipher is a deterministic algorithm that operates on fixed-length groups of bits, called blocks. Block ciphers are the elementary...

method is an algorithmic technique most commonly used for decision making and prediction, and also widely deployed in game theory and algorithm design. The...

A cryptographic hash function (CHF) is a hash algorithm (a map of an arbitrary binary string to a binary string with a fixed size of n {\displaystyle...

determined by an algorithm defined in advance, and known by both Bob and Alice. The correct response might be as simple as "63x83z", with the algorithm changing...

security. Quantum algorithms then emerged for solving oracle problems, such as Deutsch's algorithm in 1985, the Bernstein–Vazirani algorithm in 1993, and Simon's...

In mathematics and computing, universal hashing (in a randomized algorithm or data structure) refers to selecting a hash function at random from a family...

sorting algorithm. Quicksort was developed by British computer scientist Tony Hoare in 1959 and published in 1961. It is still a commonly used algorithm for...

compromise a cryptosystem by analyzing the time taken to execute cryptographic algorithms. Every logical operation in a computer takes time to execute, and the...

computer science, a distribution is pseudorandom against a class of adversaries if no adversary from the class can distinguish it from the uniform distribution...

mechanism that is added to a cryptographic algorithm (e.g., a key pair generation algorithm, digital signing algorithm, etc.) or operating system, for example...