• Thumbnail for Abd al-Rahman III
    ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān ibn al-Ḥakam al-Rabdī ibn Hishām ibn ʿAbd al-Raḥmān al-Dākhil (Arabic: عبدالرحمن...
    41 KB (5,039 words) - 05:57, 14 March 2024
  • Abd ar-Rahman V (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن هشام المستظهر بالله, romanized: ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān ibn Hishām al-Mustaẓhir bi-llāh) was an Umayyad Caliph of Córdoba...
    2 KB (174 words) - 19:10, 20 September 2023
  • Thumbnail for Abd ar-Rahman II
    Abd ar-Rahman II (Arabic: عبد الرحمن الأوسط) (792–852) was the fourth Umayyad Emir of Córdoba in al-Andalus from 822 until his death. A vigorous and effective...
    5 KB (510 words) - 19:43, 28 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mosque–Cathedral of Córdoba
    successors up to the late 10th century. Among the most notable additions, Abd al-Rahman III added a minaret (finished in 958) and his son al-Hakam II added a...
    135 KB (15,946 words) - 19:23, 22 April 2024
  • Muhammad Abd al-Wahid I 'al-Makhlu' 1224 Abdallah al-Adil 1224–1227 Yahya 'al-Mutasim' 1227–1229 Abu al-Ala Idris I al-Ma'mun, 1229–1232 Abu Muhammad Abd al-Wahid...
    61 KB (3,002 words) - 15:33, 17 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Caliphate of Córdoba
    the Emirate of Córdoba upon the self-proclamation of Umayyad emir Abd ar-Rahman III as caliph in January 929. The period was characterized by an expansion...
    63 KB (7,356 words) - 16:53, 20 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Abd al-Rahman I
    Abd al-Rahman ibn Mu'awiya ibn Hisham (Arabic: عبد الرحمن إبن معاوية إبن هشام; 7 March 731 – 30 September 788), commonly known as Abd al-Rahman I, was...
    37 KB (5,388 words) - 20:32, 1 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Madinat al-Zahra
    archaeological site today. The city was built in the 10th century by Abd ar-Rahman III (912–961), a member of the Umayyad dynasty and the first caliph of...
    77 KB (10,536 words) - 01:16, 26 April 2024
  • Muhammad bin 'Abd ar-Rahman bin 'Obayd Allah (Arabic: محمد بن عبد الرحمن بن عبيد الله), known as Muhammad III (محمد الثالث) was an Umayyad Caliph of Cordoba...
    2 KB (95 words) - 20:20, 8 April 2024
  • Abd ar-Rahman IV Mortada (Arabic: عبد الرحمن المرتضى, romanized: ʿAbd ar-Raḥmān al-Murtaḍā) was the Caliph of Córdoba in the Umayyad dynasty in Al-Andalus...
    2 KB (101 words) - 15:03, 8 May 2023
  • Abdelrahman or Abd al-Rahman or Abdul Rahman or Abdurrahman or Abdrrahman (Arabic: عبد الرحمن or occasionally عبد الرحمان; DMG ʿAbd ar-Raḥman) is a male Arabic...
    27 KB (3,306 words) - 17:44, 2 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Al-Hakam II
    of Abd-al-Rahman III and Murjan. He ruled from 961 to 976. Al-Hakam II succeeded to the Caliphate after the death of his father Abd-ar-Rahman III in 961...
    15 KB (1,677 words) - 11:07, 24 January 2024
  • al-Mundhir, 886–888 Abdallah ibn Muhammad, 888–912 Abd ar-Rahman III, 912–929 In 929, the Emir Abd ar-Rahman III, proclaimed himself the Caliph, the leader of...
    7 KB (856 words) - 19:19, 14 May 2023
  • Thumbnail for Fitna of al-Andalus
    and the rise to power of Muhammad II of Córdoba, great-grandson of Abd-ar-Rahman III. The conflict would eventually divide all of Al-Andalus into a series...
    6 KB (834 words) - 05:46, 12 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Emirate of Córdoba
    recognizing the legitimacy of the Abbasid caliph in Baghdad, in 929 emir Abd al-Rahman III declared the independence of the Caliphate of Córdoba, proclaiming...
    21 KB (2,325 words) - 14:17, 4 March 2024
  • the royal titles. A year later, in May 934, the Caliph of Córdoba, Abd-ar-Rahman III, led a military expedition against King Ramiro II of León. The Caliph's...
    21 KB (2,621 words) - 07:59, 22 March 2024
  • the last person to hold the title Caliph of Córdoba. Hisham III, the brother of Abd ar-Rahman IV, was chosen as Caliph after long negotiations between the...
    3 KB (180 words) - 19:10, 20 September 2023
  • Thumbnail for Alcázar of the Caliphs (Córdoba)
    built by Caliph Abd ar-Rahman III outside the city. In spite of this move, the original Alcázar retained its importance. Abd-ar-Rahman III himself carried...
    18 KB (2,041 words) - 00:21, 2 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Moorish architecture
    prayer halls supported by rows of pillars.: 42–43  In the 10th century Abd ar-Rahman III declared a new Caliphate in al-Andalus and inaugurated the height...
    184 KB (21,018 words) - 16:30, 26 April 2024
  • politically by his son Isa, who sent an embassy to the Umayyad Caliph Abd-ar-rahman III an-Nasir. His religion's later history is unclear, but it vanished...
    2 KB (199 words) - 21:54, 18 April 2023
  • Thumbnail for Alcazaba of Almería
    Almería was given the title of medina ("city") by the Caliph of Cordoba Abd ar-Rahman III. Construction of the defensive citadel, located in the upper sector...
    9 KB (788 words) - 18:27, 6 October 2023
  • Thumbnail for Minaret
    for the architectural history of the region is the minaret built by Abd ar-Rahman III for the Great Mosque of Cordoba in 951–952, which became the model...
    42 KB (4,604 words) - 03:14, 22 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Toda of Pamplona
    I. In 934 Toda signed a treaty pledging allegiance to her nephew Abd-ar-Rahman III, and released hostages of the Banu Di n-Nun clan, the caliph confirming...
    10 KB (1,036 words) - 20:20, 16 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for 951
    the Chu Kingdom. Africa Abd ar-Rahman III consolidated his grip on North Africa by occupying Tangier in 951. Abd ar-Rahman III signs a peace in 951 with...
    6 KB (698 words) - 17:54, 10 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Iberian Peninsula
    Abd-ar-Rahman III and his successor al-Hakam II, becoming then, in the view of Jaime Vicens Vives, "the most powerful state in Europe". Abd-ar-Rahman...
    136 KB (14,646 words) - 01:31, 29 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Al-Andalus
    longest period of relative tolerance began after 912, with the reign of Abd-ar-Rahman III and his son, Al-Hakam II, and the Jews of al-Andalus prospered by...
    128 KB (14,999 words) - 20:14, 28 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ordoño II of León
    with Sancho I Garcés, king of Navarre, against the emir of Córdoba, Abd-ar-Rahman III. The Moors were put to rout at San Esteban de Gormaz (917). Arnedo...
    9 KB (848 words) - 11:15, 14 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Abd al-Rahman of Morocco
    Moulay Abd al-Rahman bin Hisham (Arabic: عبد الرحمن بن هشام), born on 19 February 1778 in Fes and died on 28 August 1859 in Meknes, was a sultan of Morocco...
    29 KB (3,188 words) - 22:41, 20 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hasdai ibn Shaprut
    discovered a panacea, called Al-Faruk. Appointed physician to Caliph Abd-ar-Rahman III (912-961), he, by his engaging manners, knowledge, character, and...
    10 KB (1,364 words) - 01:00, 2 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Berbers
    889. He captured Jaen in 892.: 122  He was only defeated in 915 by Abd ar-Rahman III.: 125  Throughout the ninth century, the Berber garrisons were one...
    179 KB (20,324 words) - 08:45, 5 April 2024