Counter-Enlightenment" (2003). This contradicts Berlin's depiction of Rousseau as a philosophe (albeit an erratic one) who shared the basic beliefs of his Enlightenment...

his effort to explain the philosophy of Christian Wolff to women. This series began as a popularisation of Wolff's philosophy in the form of a philosophical...

[ʒɑ̃ ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher (philosophe), writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress...

/vɔːl-/; French: [vɔltɛːʁ]), was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher (philosophe), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity...

philosophical projects pursued under the heading of "aesthetics" by Christian Wolff and Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten. Some critics – most canonically...

thought: first, the moderate variety, following Descartes, Locke, and Christian Wolff, which sought accommodation between reform and the traditional systems...

False but influential letters depict him as a somewhat more radical philosophe than he probably was. His policies are now known as Josephinism. He was...

and works. Naigeon's only original stand-alone work was Le militaire philosophe, ou Difficultés sur la religion, proposées au Père Malebranche (London...

It was during this period that she first read Voltaire and the other philosophes of the French Enlightenment. As she learned Russian, she became increasingly...

apparent to anyone. Paine also used a notion of "common sense" favored by philosophes in the Continental Enlightenment. They held that common sense could refute...

Philodemus Philolaus Philonides of Laodicea Philoponus Philosophaster Philosophe Philosopher Philosopher's axe Philosopher's Axe Philosopher's football...

Jean-François de (10 July 1999). Pierre Chanut, ami de Descartes: un diplomate philosophe. Editions Beauchesne. ISBN 9782701013831. Retrieved 10 July 2017 – via...

travelled with the Verri brothers and was given a warm reception by the philosophes. However, the chronically-shy Beccaria made a poor impression and left...

political motives as well as the principles espoused by Enlightenment philosophes. Religion was a central topic of conversation during much of the eighteenth...

Freud: la réception de Eduard von Hartmann chez les psychologues et philosophes français". de Serge Nicolas et Laurent Fedi, L'Harmattan, 2008, p. 8...

Elliott 2006; Moulfi 2013, p. 1. "Initiation à la philosophie pour les non-philosophes". www.puf.com (in French). Retrieved 23 March 2021. Elliott 2006, pp...

with an anti-clericalism inherited from the 18th-century Enlightenment philosophes. 21st century Humanism tends to strongly endorse human rights, including...

universities of Germany and Scandinavia, where University of Halle professor Christian Wolff taught a form of Cartesianism modified by Leibnizian physics. Before...

htm#_edn1 Archived 2010-12-31 at the Wayback Machine "Heidegger, l'enfer des philosophes", Le Nouvel Observateur, Paris, 6–12 novembre 1987. Pierre Joris defends...

accompanying rise of liberalism and the Industrial Revolution. The French philosophes such as Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau and other European intellectuals...

core of radical ideas which many contemporaries, both churchmen and philosophes found disturbing, and thus prompted a strong reaction. The Catholic Church...

considered herself an enlightened despot. She read the most prominent philosophes of the day, including Montesquieu and Voltaire and tried to adhere to...

religious revelation or dogma. It was a popular perception among the philosophes, who adopted deistic attitudes to varying degrees. Deism greatly influenced...

thesis). Voyage aux Pyrénées (1855–1860). Essai sur Tite-Live (1856). Les Philosophes Classiques du XIXe Siècle en France (1857–1868). Essais de Critique et...

was followed by the Enlightenment. Initially the major influence was Christian Wolff and, indirectly, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz. The Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth's...

Recueil d'opuscules concernant les ouvrages et les sentiments de nos philosophes modernes sur la religion (1765). A collection of pamphlets concerning...

considerable influence on German rationalists (especially Gottfried Leibniz, Christian Wolff, Immanuel Kant, and Friedrich Heinrich Jacobi) and post-Kantian idealists...

became a staunch republican. He soon familiarised himself with the French philosophes, learning of Jean-Jacques Rousseau's belief in the inherent goodness...

Germany, Holland, England and France. In Marburg he met the philosopher Christian Wolff, later describing him as someone "who inspired moderation in his disciples"...

inspired works by Johann Benedikt Carpzov, Wilhelm von Leibnitz, and Christian Wolff, the latter of whom lost his position at the University of Halle because...