In thermodynamics, a component is one of a collection of chemically independent constituents of a system. The number of components represents the minimum...

directions Component (thermodynamics), a chemically independent constituent of a phase of a system Component (UML), definition of component in the Unified...

The first law of thermodynamics is a formulation of the law of conservation of energy in the context of thermodynamic processes. The law distinguishes...

Chemical thermodynamics is the study of the interrelation of heat and work with chemical reactions or with physical changes of state within the confines...

The laws of thermodynamics are a set of scientific laws which define a group of physical quantities, such as temperature, energy, and entropy, that characterize...

Thermodynamics is a branch of physics that deals with heat, work, and temperature, and their relation to energy, entropy, and the physical properties of...

In thermodynamics, heat is the thermal energy transferred between systems due to a temperature difference. In colloquial use, heat sometimes refers to...

Non-equilibrium thermodynamics is a branch of thermodynamics that deals with physical systems that are not in thermodynamic equilibrium but can be described...

The term and the concept are used in diverse fields, from classical thermodynamics, where it was first recognized, to the microscopic description of nature...

separate from its surroundings that can be studied using the laws of thermodynamics. Thermodynamic systems can be passive and active according to internal...

passed into the water as heat. A pre-supposed guiding principle of thermodynamics is the conservation of energy. The total energy of a system is the sum...

implications in thermodynamics. Proposed by French chemist François-Marie Raoult in 1887, it states that the partial pressure of each component of an ideal...

In thermodynamics, the thermodynamic free energy is one of the state functions of a thermodynamic system (the others being internal energy, enthalpy, entropy...

quantities in thermodynamics, using mathematical notation, are as follows: Many of the definitions below are also used in the thermodynamics of chemical...

Thermodynamics is expressed by a mathematical framework of thermodynamic equations which relate various thermodynamic quantities and physical properties...

In thermodynamics, the internal energy of a system is expressed in terms of pairs of conjugate variables such as temperature and entropy, pressure and...

closely but not actually reached, as recognized in the third law of thermodynamics. It would be impossible to extract energy as heat from a body at that...

In thermodynamics, a critical point (or critical state) is the end point of a phase equilibrium curve. One example is the liquid–vapor critical point,...

potentials; each potential is a different expression of the others. In thermodynamics, external forces, such as gravity, are counted as contributing to total...

In thermodynamics, the bubble point is the temperature (at a given pressure) where the first bubble of vapor is formed when heating a liquid consisting...

or "useful work potential", is a fundamental concept in the field of thermodynamics and engineering. It plays a crucial role in understanding and quantifying...

Computational thermodynamics is the use of computers to simulate thermodynamic problems specific to materials science, particularly used in the construction...

minimum of its components' Gibbs free energy and a maximum of their entropy. Equilibrium thermodynamics differs from non-equilibrium thermodynamics, in that...

free dictionary. Thermodynamic equilibrium is an axiomatic concept of thermodynamics. It is an internal state of a single thermodynamic system, or a relation...

Carnot's theorem, also called Carnot's rule, is a principle of thermodynamics developed by Nicolas Léonard Sadi Carnot in 1824 that specifies limits on...

In thermodynamics, the Gibbs free energy (or Gibbs energy as the recommended name; symbol G {\displaystyle G} ) is a thermodynamic potential that can be...

In thermodynamics, the Joule–Thomson effect (also known as the Joule–Kelvin effect or Kelvin–Joule effect) describes the temperature change of a real gas...

a foundation of the first law of thermodynamics. The internal energy cannot be measured absolutely. Thermodynamics concerns changes in the internal energy...

In thermodynamics, enthalpy /ˈɛnθəlpi/ , is the sum of a thermodynamic system's internal energy and the product of its pressure and volume. It is a state...

formalized largely by William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) as the field of thermodynamics. Thermodynamics aided the rapid development of explanations of chemical processes...