Copper metallurgy in Africa encompasses the study of copper production across the continent and an understanding of how it influenced aspects of African...

Iron metallurgy in Africa developed within Africa; though initially assumed to be of external origin, this assumption has been rendered untenable; archaeological...

developments in the type of habitation (larger villages, launching of fortifications), long-distance trade, and copper metallurgy. Some of the earliest Copper Age...

metalworking in early cultures. Early metallurgy using native copper is documented at sites in Anatolia and at the site of Tell Maghzaliyah in Iraq, dating...

although there was copper metallurgy in Africa as well as bronze smelting, archaeologists do not currently recognize a separate Copper Age or Bronze Age...

"Advances in high-temperature heap leaching of refractory copper sulphide ores" (PDF). Journal of the Southern African Institute of Mining and Metallurgy. 112...

surprisingly pure copper, most ancient metals are in fact alloys, the most important being bronze, an alloy of copper and tin. As metallurgical technology developed...

metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent History of metallurgy in China Metallurgy in pre-Columbian America Copper metallurgy in Africa Iron metallurgy in...

Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys. The earliest surviving prehistoric iron artifacts, from the 4th millennium BC in Egypt, were...

Non-ferrous extractive metallurgy is one of the two branches of extractive metallurgy which pertains to the processes of reducing valuable, non-iron metals...

world, despite notable African developments in mathematics, metallurgy, architecture, and other fields. The Great Rift Valley of Africa provides critical evidence...

of copper metallurgy in various cultures from the late fourth to the early third millennia BC. These include the copper-smelting remains and copper artifacts...

for early copper workings in South America. Copper metallurgy was flourishing in South America, particularly in Peru around 1000 AD. Copper burial ornamentals...

metal product. It is a form of extractive metallurgy that is used to obtain many metals such as iron, copper, silver, tin, lead and zinc. Smelting uses...

believe that iron metallurgy was developed in sub-Saharan Africa independently from Eurasia and neighbouring parts of Northeast Africa as early as 2000...

Copper mining in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (French: Extraction du cuivre en République démocratique du Congo) mainly takes place in the Copper...

Brass is an alloy of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in proportions which can be varied to achieve different colours and mechanical, electrical, acoustic,...

the history of metallurgy in sub-Saharan Africa is complicated is perhaps an understatement." Copper smelting took place in West Africa prior to the appearance...

Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12–12.5% tin and often with the addition of other metals (including aluminium, manganese...

Archaeological Science, Vol. 36, pp2700–2712 Hauptmann A., 2003, Developments in copper Metallurgy During the Fourth and Third Millennia B.C. at Feinan, Jordan, P....

Malachite is a copper carbonate hydroxide mineral, with the formula Cu2CO3(OH)2. This opaque, green-banded mineral crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal...

also in Los Millares and Ciempozuelos. Bronze Age Europe Metallurgy during the Copper Age in Europe Burned house horizon Chapman, John (2012). "Varna"...

copper technology in the form of fishing hooks and other implements around 2500 BC. During the Iron Age, there were several influences on metallurgy:...

been found in the Varna necropolis, many containing sophisticated examples of the oldest gold metallurgy in the world, copper metallurgy, pottery (about...

archaeology that specifically involves past metallurgical processes most commonly involving the replication of copper and iron objects as well as testing the...

aluminium, metallurgical coal, manganese, nickel, copper, molybdenum, gold, silver, lead and zinc. South32 has operations in Australia, South Africa, Mozambique...

The Chalcolithic or Copper Age is the transitional period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age. It is taken to begin around the mid-5th millennium...

tin and copper, in: Australia–Japan Extractive Metallurgy Symposium, Sydney, Australia, 1980 (The Australasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy: Melbourne...

humans before copper. The history of copper metallurgy is thought to have followed the following sequence: 1) cold working of native copper, 2) annealing...

industries. Vedanta Sterlite Copper Public Relations: Vedanta Sterlite Copper, a major entity in the mining and metallurgy sector, collaborates with an...