delimiters. In English, many vowel shifts affect only vowels followed by /r/ in rhotic dialects, or vowels that were historically followed by /r/ that has...

transcription delimiters. In the history of English phonology, there have been many diachronic sound changes affecting vowels, especially involving phonemic splits...

back vowels Phonological history of English high front vowels English-language vowel changes before historic /r/ English-language vowel changes before historic...

American English dialects) have significant vocalic neutralization before intervocalic /r/, as well. See English-language vowel changes before historic /r/....

transcription delimiters. The Great Vowel Shift was a series of changes in the pronunciation of the English language that took place primarily between 1400...

derhotacization. English-language vowel changes before historic /r/ Rhoticity in English Wells, John C. (1982). Accents of English. Volume 1: An Introduction...

consonant in Korean. The English spelling dumsor for the Akan term dumsɔ. English-language vowel changes before historic /r/ Other terms synonymous with...

of breaking before /r/ and the loss of /r/ when it is not followed by another vowel (see English-language vowel changes before historic /r/). They occur...

linking and intrusive R). For vowel changes before /r/, see English-language vowel changes before historic /r/. A uvular realization of /r/, the "Northumbrian...

linguistics, vowel length is the perceived length of a vowel sound: the corresponding physical measurement is duration. In some languages vowel length is...

whom /æ/ changes to /a/ before /f/, /s/, /θ/, /ð/, /z/, /v/ alone or when preceded by a homorganic nasal. "Short o" before r before a vowel: In typical...

Modern English (ME), sometimes called New English (NE) as opposed to Middle and Old English, is the form of the English language that has been spoken...

halt, talk, etc.. See English-language vowel changes before historic /l/. Rounding following /w/, resulting in the same two vowels as above, as in wash...

Dakota, also a Siouan language, plus vowel length, preaspirated obstruents and an interdental fricative (like "th" in English "then"). In contrast to...

AAVE vowel and consonant sounds. Final consonant groups or clusters in AAVE have been examined as evidence of the systematic nature of this language variety...

phonetically near-close central [ɨ]). Before /r/, only /ɑ/ undergoes the Northern Cities Vowel Shift, so that the vowel in start /stɑrt/ varies much like...

States, plus African-American English. Mergers before /r/: R-coloring has led to some vowel mergers before historic /r/ that do not happen in most other...

increasingly) non-rhotic, meaning that R is pronounced only before a vowel or between vowels, but not after a vowel (for instance, in words like car, fear...

[t͡ʃ d͡ʒ] before non-low front vowels. Chamorro is a VSO or verb–subject–object language. However, the word order can be very flexible and change to SVO...

vowel similar to English "bed" /i/ a close front unrounded vowel similar to English "machine" /o/ a close-mid back rounded vowel similar to English "forty"...

horses around 1705. The Comanche language and the Shoshoni language are quite similar, but certain consonant changes in Comanche have inhibited mutual...

/æ/ tensing: While most dialects of American English have the TRAP vowel tensed before nasals, the vowel is not particularly tensed in this environment...

spellings have been retained in modern English orthography, but the Great Vowel Shift and other historical sound changes mean that the modern pronunciations...

modern varieties of English is called the wine–whine merger. It is also referred to as glide cluster reduction. Before rounded vowels, a different reduction...

but *βrāt > *vərāt > W./Tr./E. virót. When the second vowel is a back vowel, *ə usually changes to /ʊ/ in Western or Transitional dialects: *(čə)θβār...

phonological environment of these changes is not only between vowels but also after a vowel and before a sonorant consonant such as /r/ (Latin patrem > Spanish...

article, equivalent to "the" in English and "al-" in Arabic. The Maltese article becomes l- before or after a vowel. l-omm (the mother) rajna l-Papa...

-llell-. Words with two vowels before a final l are also spelled with -ll- in British English before a suffix when the first vowel either acts as a consonant...

Alabama or Koasati languages, the geminate [ww] does not occur. The vowel phonemes of Muscogee are as follows: There are three short vowels /i ɑ o/ and three...

Hiberno-English, with some exceptions. Unaspirated /p/, /k/ between vowels in words such as pepper and packet. Tapped [ɾ] for /t/ and /d/ between vowels in...