• The ferme générale (French pronunciation: [fɛʁm ʒeneʁal], "general farm") was, in ancien régime France, essentially an outsourced customs, excise and indirect...
    18 KB (2,736 words) - 14:32, 26 October 2022
  • Thumbnail for Wall of the Ferme générale
    The Wall of the Ferme générale was one of the several city walls of Paris built between the early Middle Ages and the mid 19th century. Built between 1784...
    8 KB (899 words) - 03:13, 26 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Antoine Lavoisier
    number of aristocratic councils, and an administrator of the Ferme générale. The Ferme générale was one of the most hated components of the Ancien Régime...
    78 KB (9,147 words) - 11:44, 24 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Claude Nicolas Ledoux
    The unpopular salt tax, known as the gabelle, was collected by the Ferme Générale. Salt served as a valuable source of income for the French king. In...
    36 KB (4,675 words) - 08:22, 7 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Causes of the French Revolution
    Causes of the French Revolution (category Ferme générale)
    There is significant disagreement among historians of the French Revolution as to its causes. Usually, they acknowledge the presence of several interlinked...
    29 KB (3,841 words) - 02:24, 12 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Marie-Anne Paulze Lavoisier
    the Ferme-Générale, was branded a traitor during the Reign of Terror by French revolutionaries. Paulze's father, another prominent Ferme-Générale member...
    18 KB (2,062 words) - 23:17, 25 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Taille
    Taille (category Ferme générale)
    collectors were called receveurs royaux. In 1680, the system of the Ferme Générale was established, a franchised customs and excise operation in which...
    8 KB (1,155 words) - 01:48, 12 June 2023
  • Thumbnail for Gabelle
    Gabelle (category Ferme générale)
    The gabelle (French pronunciation: [ɡabɛl]) was a very unpopular French salt tax that was established during the mid-14th century and lasted, with brief...
    13 KB (1,870 words) - 23:05, 13 November 2023
  • Thumbnail for Outline of Paris
    Vincennes Wall of Charles V Wall of Philip II Augustus Wall of the Ferme générale Fountains in Paris (list) Libraries in Paris Arc de Triomphe Arc de...
    18 KB (1,674 words) - 12:06, 8 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans
    Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans (category Ferme générale)
    salt content of the brine was dropping. This led the experts of the Ferme Générale to consider exploiting even small springs, an initiative that the King's...
    16 KB (1,948 words) - 20:29, 28 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for French ship Ferme (1785)
    Ferme was a Téméraire class 74-gun ship of the line of the French Navy. Offered to the Crown by the Ferme générale as a Don des vaisseaux, she was renamed...
    4 KB (224 words) - 13:48, 5 August 2023
  • Thumbnail for La Poste (France)
    and the figure reached 800 at the beginning of the 18th century. A ferme générale was created for mail services in 1672, which meant that postal services...
    22 KB (2,451 words) - 05:41, 9 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Louis Mandrin
    Robin Hood of France. He became famous for his rebellion against the Ferme générale, the hated privatized tax collecting agency of the French ancien régime...
    11 KB (1,307 words) - 02:32, 18 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for City walls of Paris
    under the direction of Claude Nicolas Ledoux and at the request of the Ferme Générale. It enclosed 3,402 hectares, including the village of Austerlitz, which...
    11 KB (1,481 words) - 23:09, 27 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Tax collector
    French nobleman and chemist who at the age of 26 bought a share in the Ferme générale, a tax farming financial company which advanced the estimated tax revenue...
    6 KB (723 words) - 08:06, 10 November 2023
  • Thumbnail for Directorate-General of Customs and Indirect Taxes
    French customs service was called the ferme générale ("General Farm") and operated under the monarchy. The ferme générale was a private company which bought...
    21 KB (1,853 words) - 12:28, 6 April 2024
  • Seljuks, Mamluks, Ottomans, the French State prior to Louis XVI (see ferme générale), and Russia prior to 1862 and the Dutch East Indies (see pacht) prior...
    16 KB (2,202 words) - 20:30, 31 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Duroc station
    Sèvres, part of the Wall of the Ferme générale, which was built around Paris between 1784 and 1791 by the ferme générale company of tax farmers. The station...
    15 KB (874 words) - 19:38, 25 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Boulevard Haussmann
    the first circle of the Grands Boulevards to that of the Wall of the Ferme générale. To do this, he ordered the destruction of the house in which he was...
    6 KB (614 words) - 20:50, 14 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Paris pneumatic post
    1872 – though the circuits remained within the area of the Wall of the Ferme générale. On 5 February 1879 the Ministry of Posts and Telegraphs was formed...
    19 KB (2,328 words) - 12:58, 10 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for French ship Ferme (1763)
    The Ferme was a 56-gun Bordelois-class ship of the line of the French Navy. She was funded by a don des vaisseaux donation from the Ferme Générale, and...
    3 KB (126 words) - 06:41, 5 August 2023
  • Thumbnail for Octroi
    associations or private individuals; the tax farmers were organized into the Ferme générale, which built a wall around Paris in the late 18th century to enforce...
    9 KB (1,193 words) - 20:34, 31 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ancien régime
    century, tax collectors were called receveurs. In 1680, the system of the Ferme générale was established, a franchised customs and excise operation in which...
    87 KB (10,583 words) - 14:29, 30 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for 15th arrondissement of Paris
    decreed the annexation to Paris of the area between the old Wall of the Ferme générale and the Wall of Thiers. The communes of Grenelle, Vaugirard and Javel...
    25 KB (2,444 words) - 16:24, 23 February 2024
  • Public opinion preferred his 72-million-livres public loan to the ferme générale, an outsourced tax collection system. He managed to curtail Royal household...
    6 KB (668 words) - 22:10, 31 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Place Charles de Gaulle
    and became known as the Place de l'Étoile. In 1787, the Wall of the Ferme générale (Mur des Fermiers généraux), and the two buildings of the Barrière de...
    10 KB (1,008 words) - 12:27, 4 February 2024
  • French chemist Antoine Lavoisier, who was also a tax collector with the Ferme générale, is tried, convicted and guillotined in one day in Paris. 1821 – Greek...
    61 KB (6,215 words) - 17:08, 11 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thiers wall
    legislative boundary of Paris since the 18th century had been the Wall of the Ferme Générale, sometimes translated as the "Farmers-General Wall", which had no defensive...
    34 KB (4,123 words) - 12:24, 7 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Gaîté station
    Edgar Quinet métro station). It was built between 1784 and 1791 by the Ferme générale, the corporation of tax farmers, to enforce the collection of taxes...
    15 KB (937 words) - 13:22, 19 August 2023
  • Second bourgeoise who formed a Ministry. Physiocratic fiscal policies. Ferme générale reformed. Negotiation with Dutch bankers to solve the state debts. French...
    36 KB (337 words) - 10:18, 3 May 2024