Iha (Kapaur) is a Papuan language spoken on the tip of the Bomberai Peninsula. It is the basis of a pidgin used as the local trade language. Marginal...

("trade language") that was called Bazaar Malay or low Malay and in Malay Melayu Pasar. It is generally believed that Bazaar Malay was a pidgin, influenced...

Papua. Despite the small number of speakers, it is the basis of a local pidgin. It has 18 consonants and 5 vowels. Onin at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)...

of the mountain' iha meza leten — ' on the table' iha kadeira okos — ' under the chair' iha rai li'ur — ' outside the country' iha ema (nia) leet — '...

(Lia-Tetun) Ema hotu hotu moris hanesan ho dignidade ho direitu. Sira hotu iha hanoin, konsiensia n'e duni tenki hare malu hanesan espiritu maun-alin. Dawan...

Saparua is an Austronesian language spoken in Maluku of eastern Indonesia. Dialects are diverse, and Latu might be included as one. Saparua is currently...

Chinese men and Balinese women in Batavia converted to Islam and spoke a pidgin that was later creolized, and then decreolized incorporating many elements...

Palumata is an extinct and unattested language. It is believed to have been very closely related to the Austronesian language Hukumina, and perhaps a dialect...

D. (2016). "The Existence of Indonesian Language: Pidgin or Creole". Journal on English as a Foreign Language. 6 (2): 83–100. doi:10.23971/jefl.v6i2.397...

is a Malay-based creole spoken by the Orang Pulo people inhabiting the Thousand Islands off the coast of Jakarta, Indonesia. This language emerged from...

Javindo, also known by the pejorative name Krontjong, is a Dutch-based creole language spoken on Java, Indonesia, such as Semarang. The name Javindo is...

North Maluku region. This language should be distinguished from Ternate Malay (North Moluccan Malay), a local Malay-based creole which it has heavily...

Malay: Bahasa Melayu, Jawi: بهاس ملايو‎) is an Austronesian language that is an official language of Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore, and that...

a formal language. Based on rough estimates, this language had about 60,000 speakers in 2010. Rather than maintaining their Arabic language, younger generations...

Alor Malay is a Malay-based creole language spoken in the Alor archipelago of Indonesia. Speakers perceive Alor Malay to be a different register of standard...

Kupang Malay or simply the Kupang language is a Malay-based creole language spoken in Kupang, East Nusa Tenggara, which is on the west end of Timor Island...

Gorap is a Malay-based creole language predominantly spoken by Gorap (Bobaneigo) ethnic group, indigenous to western and northern regions of the Indonesian...

Prometheus. Rickford, J.R. & Mc Worther, J (1997): “Language contact and language generation: Pidgins and Creoles”. In: F. Coulmas (red), The handbook of...

Portugis, or Ternateño, was a Portuguese-based creole language spoken by Christians of mixed Portuguese and Malay ancestry in the islands of Ambon and...

Mardijker is an extinct Portuguese-based creole of Jakarta. It was the native tongue of the Mardijker people. The language was introduced with the establishment...

"Malayic" languages. This grouping is also called "Malayo-Javanic" by linguist Berndt Nothofer, who was the first to attempt a reconstruction of it based on...

Austronesian language spoken in the Tukangbesi Islands in southeast Sulawesi in Indonesia by a quarter million speakers. A Tukang Besi pidgin is used in...

Bidau Creole Portuguese, also known as Timor Pidgin was a Portuguese-based creole language that was spoken in Bidau [tet], Nain Feto, an eastern suburb...

(referred to by its speakers as basa Nosa) is a dialect of the Balinese language spoken by the Nak Nusé people, a sub-group of the Balinese people inhabiting...

Greater North Borneo languages are a proposed subgroup of the Austronesian language family. The subgroup historically covers languages that are spoken throughout...

The Dardic languages (also Dardu or Pisaca), or Hindu-Kush Indo-Aryan languages, are a group of several Indo-Aryan languages spoken in northern Pakistan...

Madurese languages despite the indication of sharing vocabulary. Less popular classification stating that Bawean dialect also considered as a pidgin that...

Teor and Kur are two Austronesian language varieties of the Central–Eastern Malayo-Polynesian branch spoken near Kei Island, Indonesia. They are reportedly...

Manado Malay, or simply the Manado language, is a creole language spoken in Manado, the capital of North Sulawesi province in Indonesia, and the surrounding...

[na'ʁaj] is an Ok language of West Papua. Two of the three dialects, which pronounce the ethnonym Nagi, may be a distinct language. Nakai at Ethnologue...