• Thumbnail for Pope Innocent IV
    Pope Innocent IV (Latin: Innocentius IV; c. 1195 – 7 December 1254), born Sinibaldo Fieschi, was head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States...
    35 KB (4,508 words) - 12:03, 9 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Pope Alexander IV
    until 1231 and Bishop of Ostia in 1231 (or 1232). On the death of Pope Innocent IV in 1254 he was elected pope at Naples on 12 December 1254. Alexander's...
    12 KB (1,355 words) - 09:57, 6 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor
    the possibility of a crusade against the Mongol Empire. A new pope, Innocent IV, was elected on 25 June 1243. He was a member of a noble Imperial family...
    93 KB (11,371 words) - 07:26, 22 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Seventh Crusade
    beginning with the loss of the Holy City in 1244, and was preached by Innocent IV in conjunction with a crusade against emperor Frederick II, Baltic rebellions...
    105 KB (14,397 words) - 11:04, 8 May 2024
  • In 1246, Güyük Khan sent a letter to Pope Innocent IV, demanding his submission. The letter was in Persian and Middle Turkic, which was used for the preamble...
    2 KB (309 words) - 09:38, 6 December 2023
  • saints. Pope Innocent IV canonized six saints. Pope Alexander IV canonized three saints. Pope Urban IV canonized two saints. Pope Clement IV canonized one...
    29 KB (1,188 words) - 12:06, 30 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Pope Celestine IV
    Senator when Innocent IV (Fieschi) was elected; and that his son (the future Nicholas III) was made a cardinal in 1244. In any event, Celestine IV died before...
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  • Thumbnail for Friar
    hermits as a mendicant order by Pope Innocent IV in 1244 (Little Union). Additional groups were added by Alexander IV in 1256 (Grand Union). Some of the...
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  • Thumbnail for Franciscans
    his censures. Under John of Parma, who enjoyed the favor of Innocent IV and Pope Alexander IV, the influence of the Order was notably increased, especially...
    91 KB (10,939 words) - 16:36, 15 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Perugia Papacy
    Cathedral contained the tombs of Pope Innocent III (1198–1216), Pope Urban IV (1261–1264), and Pope Martin IV (1281–1285). These were destroyed by Gérard...
    9 KB (1,236 words) - 15:03, 2 January 2020
  • Thumbnail for Henry III of England
    Holy Roman Empire, for many years a rival of Pope Innocent IV. On Frederick's death in 1250, Innocent started to look for a new ruler, one more amenable...
    133 KB (17,196 words) - 20:45, 6 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Pope Nicholas III
    Tulliano by Pope Innocent IV (1243–54), protector of the Franciscans by Pope Alexander IV (1254–61), inquisitor-general by Pope Urban IV (1261–64), and...
    33 KB (4,360 words) - 22:10, 19 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Clare of Assisi
    Pope Innocent IV insisted the friars perform the Office for the Virgin Saints as opposed to the Office for the Dead. This move by Pope Innocent ensured...
    27 KB (3,195 words) - 05:13, 22 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Saint Margaret of Scotland
    receiving the news of her husband and son's deaths in battle. In 1250, Pope Innocent IV canonised her, and her remains were reinterred in a shrine in Dunfermline...
    25 KB (2,775 words) - 21:55, 9 May 2024
  • Pope Innocent may refer to: Pope Innocent I (401–417) Pope Innocent II (1130–1143) Pope Innocent III (1198–1216) Pope Innocent IV (1243–1254) Pope Innocent...
    666 bytes (113 words) - 02:13, 15 August 2023
  • Thumbnail for Marco Polo
    for missions in the East. The diplomatic communications between Pope Innocent IV and Pope Gregory X with the Mongols were probably another reason for...
    105 KB (12,793 words) - 13:12, 3 May 2024
  • 14th century attributes it to Pope Innocent (variously identified as Innocent III, Innocent IV, Innocent V, or Innocent VI) During the Middle Ages it was...
    6 KB (616 words) - 06:41, 19 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Baiju Noyan
    Mongol tumens to raid Syria in 1246. He received ambassadors from Pope Innocent IV in 1247. Embassy was headed by Ascelin of Lombardy and found him at Sisian...
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  • Thumbnail for Pope Gregory X
    Cardinal Sinibaldo Fieschi of Genoa as Pope Innocent IV. In 1243, when the Bishop of Piacenza died, Innocent IV offered the position to Archdeacon Teobaldo...
    34 KB (4,689 words) - 16:22, 19 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Salzburg
    and privileges in a bull of 3 December 1184. In 1246 (or 1247), Pope Innocent IV issued a decree inhibiting all the cathedral Chapters in Germany from...
    44 KB (5,634 words) - 10:50, 8 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Glagolitic script
    individual bishops continued even after its official recognition by Pope Innocent IV. These had little effect on the vitality of the script, which evolved...
    79 KB (6,258 words) - 01:30, 7 May 2024
  • a much larger crusader army was victorious. Innocent IV's Crusade against Frederick II. Pope Innocent IV's Crusade against Frederick II (1248). The conflict...
    146 KB (18,736 words) - 02:05, 2 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Rurikids
    Roman the Great and his son Daniel, who was in 1253 crowned by Pope Innocent IV as the king of Ruthenia. Galicia–Volhynia was eventually annexed by Poland...
    44 KB (4,683 words) - 16:08, 14 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Conrad IV of Germany
    led the short-lived anti-Mongol crusade of 1241. However, when Pope Innocent IV excommunicated Frederick in 1245 and declared Conrad deposed, Henry Raspe...
    11 KB (1,001 words) - 09:45, 6 April 2024
  • Celestine III (1191–1198), Innocent III (1199), Honorius III (1216), Gregory IX (1235), Innocent IV (1246), Alexander IV (1255), Urban IV (1262), Gregory X (1272...
    7 KB (989 words) - 20:59, 25 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Güyük Khan
    number of foreign ambassadors: the Franciscan friar and envoy of Pope Innocent IV, John of Plano Carpini and Benedict of Poland; Grand Duke Yaroslav II...
    20 KB (2,405 words) - 17:36, 26 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Carmelites
    this narrative. In the bull Paganorum incursus of 27 July 1247, Pope Innocent IV officially denominated the order the "Brothers of the Blessed Virgin...
    44 KB (5,943 words) - 09:11, 9 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Konrad von Hochstaden
    manner of warfare has left many dark spots on his reputation. When Pope Innocent IV deposed Frederick II (17 July 1245), it was chiefly due to the influence...
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  • Thumbnail for Crusades
    beginning with the loss of the Holy City in 1244, and was preached by Innocent IV in conjunction with a crusade against emperor Frederick II, the Prussian...
    133 KB (17,413 words) - 15:54, 8 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Otto IV, Holy Roman Emperor
    crowned emperor by Pope Innocent III. In 1210, he sought to unite the Kingdom of Sicily with the Empire, breaking with Innocent, who excommunicated him...
    26 KB (3,000 words) - 16:27, 5 April 2024