The internal energy of a thermodynamic system is the energy contained within it, measured as the quantity of energy necessary to bring the system from...
32 KB (4,857 words) - 10:35, 17 April 2024
The latent internal energy of a system is the internal energy a system requires to undergo a phase transition. Its value is specific to the substance or...
1 KB (179 words) - 00:31, 3 June 2021
associated with chemical reactions, the radiant energy carried by electromagnetic radiation, and the internal energy contained within a thermodynamic system....
59 KB (7,459 words) - 18:22, 13 May 2024
First law of thermodynamics (redirect from Energy rate balance)
system's internal energy be consumed, so that the amount of internal energy lost by that work must be resupplied as heat by an external energy source or...
95 KB (13,973 words) - 02:20, 2 February 2024
Heat (redirect from Heat energy)
considered a thermodynamic system, then the energy flowing within the metal bar is called internal energy, not heat. The hot metal bar is also transferring...
75 KB (10,917 words) - 18:32, 21 April 2024
Thermodynamic temperature (redirect from Atoms can have zero kinetic velocity and simultaneously be vibrating due to zero-point energy)
have internal structure and therefore have additional internal degrees of freedom (see Fig. 3, below), which makes molecules absorb more heat energy for...
105 KB (13,807 words) - 20:13, 13 April 2024
concepts. These include the internal energy or enthalpy of a body of matter and radiation; heat, defined as a type of energy transfer (as is thermodynamic...
9 KB (1,088 words) - 14:58, 1 April 2024
Chemical potential (redirect from Internal chemical potential)
gravitational potential (higher internal energy thus higher potential for work) to a lower gravitational potential (lower internal energy). In the same way, as...
29 KB (4,184 words) - 10:45, 14 May 2024
free energy is expressed as G ( p , T ) = U + p V − T S = H − T S {\displaystyle G(p,T)=U+pV-TS=H-TS} where U {\textstyle U} is the internal energy of the...
33 KB (4,546 words) - 04:07, 8 April 2024
may generate thermal energy, causing the material's temperature to rise. Thermal energy in solids is often carried by internal elastic waves, called...
12 KB (1,920 words) - 19:21, 24 April 2024
The law of conservation of energy states that the total energy of an isolated system remains constant; it is said to be conserved over time. In the case...
45 KB (6,045 words) - 23:00, 15 April 2024
thermodynamics states that, when energy passes into or out of a system (as work, heat, or matter), the system's internal energy changes in accordance with the...
20 KB (2,858 words) - 16:40, 1 April 2024
chemical energy into kinetic energy which is used to propel, move or power whatever the engine is attached to. The first commercially successful internal combustion...
98 KB (12,885 words) - 08:59, 10 May 2024
Internal pressure is a measure of how the internal energy of a system changes when it expands or contracts at constant temperature. It has the same dimensions...
7 KB (1,186 words) - 02:45, 13 March 2024
thermodynamics, the thermodynamic free energy is one of the state functions of a thermodynamic system (the others being internal energy, enthalpy, entropy, etc.)....
28 KB (4,056 words) - 03:43, 20 April 2024
the surroundings by converting internal energy to work until equilibrium is reached. There are different types of energy stored in materials, and it takes...
59 KB (3,959 words) - 18:22, 21 April 2024
{\displaystyle \Delta {U_{f}^{\circ }}_{\mathrm {reactants} }} , the internal energy of formation of the reactant molecules, and Δ U f ∘ p r o d u c t s...
6 KB (848 words) - 07:20, 4 December 2023
Bernoulli's principle (redirect from Energy head)
viscous forces. This requires that the sum of kinetic energy, potential energy and internal energy remains constant.: § 3.5 Thus an increase in the speed...
74 KB (10,123 words) - 02:04, 13 May 2024
energy, called energy levels. This contrasts with classical particles, which can have any amount of energy. The term is commonly used for the energy levels...
22 KB (2,831 words) - 03:08, 12 February 2024
c e {\displaystyle \Delta U_{lattice}} is the lattice energy (i.e., the molar internal energy change), Δ H l a t t i c e {\displaystyle \Delta H_{lattice}}...
10 KB (1,205 words) - 20:26, 20 April 2024
average kinetic energy of the particles of a given substance. Temperature is measured with a thermometer. It reflects the average kinetic energy of the vibrating...
104 KB (12,988 words) - 18:20, 16 May 2024
the kinetic energy of an object is the form of energy that it possesses due to its motion. In classical mechanics, the kinetic energy of a non-rotating...
37 KB (5,965 words) - 15:15, 16 May 2024
= Q − W, where ΔU denotes the change of the system's internal energy, Q the quantity of energy added to it as heat, and W the work done by the system...
39 KB (5,894 words) - 07:24, 15 May 2024
thermodynamic potential that has a physical interpretation is the internal energy U. It is the energy of configuration of a given system of conservative forces...
29 KB (4,378 words) - 15:24, 2 May 2024
thermodynamic equilibrium where the entropy is highest at the given internal energy. An increase in the combined entropy of system and surroundings accounts...
106 KB (15,498 words) - 08:30, 29 February 2024
The energy policy of the European Union focuses on energy security, sustainability, and integrating the energy markets of member states. An increasingly...
58 KB (6,119 words) - 12:05, 15 April 2024
Helmholtz free energy (sometimes also called A, particularly in the field of chemistry) (SI: joules, CGS: ergs), U is the internal energy of the system...
22 KB (4,158 words) - 01:50, 14 October 2023
Grand potential (redirect from Grand free energy)
{G}}\ {\stackrel {\mathrm {def} }{=}}\ U-TS-\mu N} where U is the internal energy, T is the temperature of the system, S is the entropy, μ is the chemical...
5 KB (727 words) - 11:46, 12 February 2023
substance, n enthalpy, H entropy, S Gibbs energy, G heat capacity, Cp Helmholtz energy, A or F internal energy, U spring stiffness, K mass, m volume, V...
20 KB (2,428 words) - 00:47, 15 May 2024
Specific heat capacity (section Conservation of energy)
counteract the internal one – no work is generated, and the heat energy that would have gone into it must instead contribute to the internal energy of the sample...
51 KB (8,130 words) - 09:25, 15 May 2024