• Thumbnail for International Terrestrial Reference System and Frame
    The International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) describes procedures for creating reference frames suitable for use with measurements on or near...
    9 KB (763 words) - 09:20, 15 August 2023
  • Thumbnail for European Terrestrial Reference System 1989
    The European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) is an ECEF (Earth-Centered, Earth-Fixed) geodetic Cartesian reference frame, in which the Eurasian...
    6 KB (585 words) - 18:43, 20 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for National Spatial Reference System
    Satellite Systems (GNSS) and geoid use. It will use the following four frames of reference, each representing a tectonic plate: North American Terrestrial Reference...
    6 KB (555 words) - 16:13, 16 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Geodetic Reference System 1980
    The Geodetic Reference System 1980 (GRS80) is a geodetic reference system consisting of a global reference ellipsoid and a normal gravity model. Geodesy...
    7 KB (945 words) - 05:26, 28 September 2023
  • Thumbnail for Spatial reference system
    A spatial reference system (SRS) or coordinate reference system (CRS) is a framework used to precisely measure locations on the surface of Earth as coordinates...
    15 KB (1,546 words) - 22:10, 9 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Military Grid Reference System
    The Military Grid Reference System (MGRS) is the geocoordinate standard used by NATO militaries for locating points on Earth. The MGRS is derived from...
    15 KB (2,133 words) - 06:55, 13 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for IERS Reference Meridian
    versions, the ideal International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and its realization, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). The most...
    13 KB (767 words) - 19:40, 26 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Geodetic datum
    systems, especially the World Geodetic System (WGS 84) used in the U.S. global positioning system (GPS), and the International Terrestrial Reference System...
    29 KB (3,073 words) - 16:06, 31 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Global Area Reference System
    The Global Area Reference System (GARS) is a standardized geospatial reference system developed by the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) for...
    3 KB (470 words) - 12:54, 13 December 2022
  • Thumbnail for Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system
    2021. Snay, Richard A.; Soler, Tomás (December 1999). "Modern Terrestrial Reference Systems (Part 1)" (PDF). Professional Surveyor. "Polar motion". Archived...
    9 KB (904 words) - 13:39, 7 January 2024
  • defined the IERS Reference Meridian, the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS), and subsequent International Terrestrial Reference Frames (ITRF)...
    6 KB (553 words) - 18:36, 13 September 2023
  • The International Celestial Reference System (ICRS) is the current standard celestial reference system adopted by the International Astronomical Union...
    22 KB (2,374 words) - 10:57, 21 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for World Geodetic System
    Current geodetic realizations of the geocentric reference system family International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) maintained by the IERS are geocentric...
    24 KB (2,809 words) - 05:56, 18 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Geographic coordinate system
    Geodetic System (WGS 84, also known as EPSG:4326), the default datum used for the Global Positioning System, and the International Terrestrial Reference System...
    21 KB (2,380 words) - 18:12, 4 April 2024
  • effect International Terrestrial Reference System Celestial sphere Overview effect Soffel, Michael; Langhans, Ralf (2012-06-20). "Terrestrial Reference System"...
    2 KB (209 words) - 12:44, 15 June 2023
  • Thumbnail for Projected coordinate system
    coordinate system – also called a projected coordinate reference system, planar coordinate system, or grid reference system – is a type of spatial reference system...
    21 KB (2,802 words) - 02:18, 12 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Earth ellipsoid
    the international Hayford ellipsoid of 1924, and (for GPS positioning) the WGS84 ellipsoid. There are two types of ellipsoid: mean and reference. A data...
    19 KB (2,379 words) - 23:35, 14 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Universal Transverse Mercator coordinate system
    \xi '\tanh \eta '}}\right).} European Terrestrial Reference System 1989 (ETRS89) Military grid reference system, a variant of UTM designed to simplify...
    17 KB (2,610 words) - 23:05, 29 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hellenic Geodetic Reference System 1987
    new Hellenic Terrestrial Reference System 2007 or HTRS07 (SRID=96758). HTRS07, which was specified for the Hellenic Positioning System (HEPOS) project...
    7 KB (827 words) - 10:07, 15 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Geoid
    Geoid (redirect from Reference geoid)
    Deflection of the vertical Geodetic datum Geopotential International Terrestrial Reference Frame Physical geodesy Planetary geoid Areoid (Mars' geoid)...
    26 KB (3,056 words) - 23:24, 18 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset
    EPSG Geodetic Parameter Dataset (category Geographic coordinate systems)
    Maps and OpenStreetMap. EPSG:7789 - International Terrestrial Reference Frame 2014 (ITRF2014), an Earth-fixed system that is independent of continental...
    5 KB (448 words) - 13:19, 16 January 2024
  • Earth orientation parameters (category Dynamics of the Solar System)
    rotational transform from the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) to the International Celestial Reference System (ICRS), or vice versa, as...
    8 KB (905 words) - 18:09, 20 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Irish grid reference system
    The Irish grid reference system is a system of geographic grid references used for paper mapping in Ireland (both Northern Ireland and the Republic of...
    6 KB (657 words) - 12:25, 6 April 2022
  • Thumbnail for North American Datum
    North American Datum (category Articles needing additional references from September 2010)
    and the North American Datum of 1983 (NAD 83). Both are geodetic reference systems based on slightly different assumptions and measurements. Vertical...
    13 KB (1,613 words) - 06:32, 16 April 2024
  • International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors, an international body for guiding the semiconductor industry International Terrestrial Reference...
    263 bytes (58 words) - 21:32, 14 August 2017
  • Thumbnail for North Pole
    Astronomical Union have defined a framework called the International Terrestrial Reference System. As early as the 16th century, many prominent people correctly...
    68 KB (7,669 words) - 08:11, 24 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for North American Vertical Datum of 1988
    held fixed the height of the primary tide gauge benchmark, referenced to the International Great Lakes Datum of 1985 local mean sea level (MSL) height...
    7 KB (732 words) - 16:18, 31 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Global Positioning System
    Pokémon Go. Reference frames: realization and densification of the terrestrial reference frames in the framework of Global Geodetic Observing System. Co-location...
    177 KB (18,448 words) - 19:11, 19 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ordnance Survey National Grid
    Survey National Grid reference system (OSGB), also known as British National Grid (BNG), is a system of geographic grid references used in Great Britain...
    19 KB (2,130 words) - 10:22, 14 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Prime meridian
    versions, the ideal International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS) and its realization, the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). A current...
    60 KB (4,765 words) - 11:04, 22 March 2024