In radiometry, irradiance is the radiant flux received by a surface per unit area. The SI unit of irradiance is the watt per square metre (W⋅m−2). The...

Solar irradiance is the power per unit area (surface power density) received from the Sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation in the wavelength range...

given point on the Earth's surface. It cannot be simply related to the irradiance (measured in W/m2) because the UV of greatest concern occupies a spectrum...

estimated by NASA to be about a quarter of Earth's average total solar irradiance. The ultraviolet radiation in sunlight has both positive and negative...

satellite observatory orbiting the Earth. Spectral measurements identify the irradiance of the Sun by characterizing the Sun's energy and emissions in the form...

flux density measuring mean solar electromagnetic radiation (total solar irradiance) per unit area. It is measured on a surface perpendicular to the rays...

reconstructed total solar irradiance with models favor the PMOD series, thus reconciling the ACRIM-gap issue. Solar irradiance varies systematically over...

The PI (or photosynthesis-irradiance) curve is a graphical representation of the empirical relationship between solar irradiance and photosynthesis. A derivation...

smaller than this. Solar luminosity is related to solar irradiance (the solar constant). Solar irradiance is responsible for the orbital forcing that causes...

Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor Satellite, or ACRIMSAT was a satellite carrying the ACRIM-3 (Active Cavity Radiometer Irradiance Monitor 3) instrument...

High-throughput Spectroscopic Telescope (EUVST [ja]) and the Solar Spectral Irradiance Monitor (SoSpIM). It is scheduled to launch in fiscal year 2028. The mission...

(SMARTS) is a computer program designed to evaluate the surface solar irradiance components in the shortwave spectrum (spectral range 280 to 4000 nm) under...

measure total and spectral solar irradiance. Radiometry Radiation Willson, Richard C. (November 1981). "Solar total irradiance observations by Active Cavity...

receives typically about one kilowatt of sunlight from the Sun (the solar irradiance) (on a clear day at midday, close to the equator). Megawatt Many events...

(ano) 'above, sky') is a type of actinometer used for measuring solar irradiance on a planar surface and it is designed to measure the solar radiation...

with irradiance, increasing as the irradiance increases, but reaching a plateau at higher irradiance. At low irradiance, increasing the temperature has little...

interface, a brain-computer interface Direct normal irradiance, a measure of the solar irradiance striking a surface held normal to the line of sight...

candela (cd) Irradiance, a radiometric quantity, measured in watts per square meter (W/m2) Intensity (physics), the name for irradiance used in other...

steradian per nanometre (W·sr−1·nm−1). Radiant intensity is distinct from irradiance and radiant exitance, which are often called intensity in branches of...

Sunlight Solar radiation Solar output - Direct measurements of solar irradiance, or solar output, have been available from satellites only since the late...

Patterns of solar irradiance and solar variation have been a main driver of climate change over the millions to billions of years of the geologic time...

output spectrum to the integrated irradiance in several wavelength intervals. The reference percentage of total irradiance is shown below in Table 2 for the...

by some scientists, to be correlated with long-term change in solar irradiance, which, in turn, might influence Earth's long-term climate. The solar...

total solar irradiance with superior accuracy and precision. The new observations showed that the absolute value of total solar irradiance (during solar...

entire sphere of directions, produces a single scalar value—the total irradiance at that point, and a resultant direction. The figure shows this calculation...

uncontaminated by circumstellar radiation. On this basis the spectral irradiance (usually expressed in janskys) for the zero magnitude point, as a function...

equatorial oceans to the polar regions. Earth receives 1361 W/m2 of solar irradiance. The amount of solar energy that reaches Earth's surface decreases with...

radiant energy received by a surface per unit area, or equivalently the irradiance of a surface, integrated over time of irradiation, and spectral exposure...

Stefan–Boltzmann constant; T is the temperature of that surface; Ee is the irradiance of that surface. Normally, Ee is the unknown variable and will depend...

temperature differences ranging from 140 °C to −171 °C depending on the solar irradiance. Because of the lack of atmosphere, temperatures of different areas vary...