that laïcité is thus distinct from anti-clericalism, which actively opposes the influence of religion and the clergy. However, critics of laïcité argue...

larger trend toward long-term adoption of secularism. The principle of Laïcité, the French notion of strict separation, was enshrined into law in 1905...

In Turkey, secularism or laicism (see laïcité) was first introduced with the 1928 amendment of the Constitution of 1924, which removed the provision declaring...

The Act respecting the laicity of the State (French: Loi sur la laïcité de l'État), introduced and commonly referred to as Bill 21 or Law 21, is a statute...

Former President Nicolas Sarkozy criticised "negative laïcité" and talked about a "positive laïcité" that recognizes the contribution of faith to French...

with French secularism or "laïcité ". Jacques Chirac established the commission to reflect upon the principle of laïcité and its application in France...

role in excluding religious visibility from the public domain. The term laïcité was coined in 1871 by French educator and later Nobel Peace Prize laureate...

Jules Ferry laws Laïcité "Etat des lieux de la laïcité en France - 2021" (PDF) (official statistics) (in French). Observatoire de la laïcité, Government of...

(2016-2019), unknown (2019-2021) The YRL advocate republicanism, insisting on laïcité (secularism), and positioning them against the idea of affirmative action...

2022. "Etat des lieux de la laïcité en France - 2021" (PDF) (official statistics) (in French). Observatoire de la laïcité, Government of France. "Census...

Anglo-American concept of secularism, but is similar to the concept of laïcité in France. The roots of Kemalist secularism lie in the reform efforts in...

foundational principles of Kemalism: republicanism, reformism, laicism (Laïcité/Secularism), populism, nationalism, and statism. It is currently the second...

French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State is the basis for laïcité (state secularism): the state does not formally recognise any religion...

républicain contre la laïcité, Aube ed., 2006. Histoire de la laïcité en France, Paris, PUF (Que sais-je ?), fourth edition, 2007. Les Laïcités dans le monde...

At age 69, Jacques Chirac faced his fourth campaign for the French Presidency in 2002. He was the first choice of fewer than one voter in five in the first...

Land". Archived from the original on December 11, 2010. "Islam, Islam, Laїcité, and Amazigh Activism in France and North Africa" (2004 paper), Paul A...

extremely important – my goal is to rediscover what lies at the heart of laïcité, the possibility of being able to believe as not to believe, in order to...

In Belgium, organized secularism (French: Laïcité organisée, Dutch: georganiseerde vrijzinnigheid) is the local associations and organizations which provide...

Religion Foundation Award 2018, by the FFRF International Laïcité Award 2018, by Comité Laïcité République shared with Raif Badawi. The honorary membership...

and the separation of church and state, ushering in a policy known as laïcité. Karl Marx asserted that "religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature...

the Concordat of 1801, formed the basis of the later and less radical laïcité policies. The French Revolution initially began with attacks on Church...

Lutheranism and Reformed) plus Judaism. Therefore, the French concept of laïcité, a rigid separation of church and state, does not apply in this region...

and instead insist on clinging to the historic republican principles of "laïcité" and the secular state in which religion and ethnicity are always ignored...

Commission. September 2019. "État des lieux de la laïcité en France" (PDF). Observatoire de la Laïcité. January 2019. Archived from the original (PDF) on...

November 2016. Blanchard, Lucie (4 September 2014). "Débat à Oullins, quand laïcité rime avec islamophobie". Lyon Capitale (in French). Mestre, Abel (15 December...

itself in political matters during the 2005 riots. Sarkozy's views on laïcité have been widely criticized by left- and right-wing members of parliament;...

Progressivism Rationalism Reform movement Republicanism Revolution Secularism Laicité Social change Social justice Social liberalism Suffrage Women's suffrage...

Progressivism Rationalism Reform movement Republicanism Revolution Secularism Laicité Social change Social justice Social liberalism Suffrage Women's suffrage...

to balance its concern with cults with respect for public freedoms and laїcité. Germany: The legitimacy of a 1997 Berlin Senate report listing cults (sekten)...

leidenuniv.nl. "Centre interdisciplinaire d'étude des religions et de la laïcité – CIERL". ulb.ac.be. Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Krauth,...