standardized variety of Malay, an Austronesian language that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries. Indonesia...

language spoken in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. It is a local lingua franca. /t/ can be pronounced as alveolar [t], or dental [t̪] when preceding...

Papua New Guinea. It is spoken by 6,800 people and a further 14,000 as a lingua franca. Some village dialects also include a fricative sound [f]. /l/ can...

language") is designated the bahasa persatuan/pemersatu ("unifying language" or lingua franca) whereas the term "Malay" (bahasa Melayu) is domestically restricted...

Australia Australian Kriol Torres Strait Creole Pacific Islands Micronesia Ngatikese Creole Polynesia Hawaiian Creole Pitkern language (Pitcairn–Norfolk) Tongan...

Austronesian language spoken in Milne Bay Province of Papua New Guinea. It is a lingua franca for 100,000 people in D'Entrecasteaux Islands. Sounds /p, t, k/ may...

outside of Luzon with a native Tagalog-speaking majority. It is also the main lingua franca in Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao. At the 2000 Philippines...

language is decreasing and speakers are increasingly shifting to Ma'anyan, a lingua franca of East Barito. In 2018, it was estimated there was about 50 speakers...

Southeast Sulawesi, Indonesia. It is quite close to Wawonii. It was a local lingua franca before independence. Bungku at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015) (subscription...

Jawi: بهاس ملايو بروني), is the most widely spoken language in Brunei and a lingua franca in some parts of Sarawak and Sabah, such as Labuan, Limbang, Lawas...

more distantly to Mandar, Massenrempulu, and Mamuju. Taeʼ is used as a lingua franca from south of the border with Buriko Wajo Regency to Malili East...

and the United States. Most of the speakers can also speak Ilocano, the lingua franca of northern Luzon island. The name Ibanag comes from the prefix I...

Oliveira (2017). O ecossistema fundamental da língua Mambae: aspectos endoecológicos e exoecológicos de uma língua austronésia de Timor-Leste (Doctoral thesis)...

younger generations of its speakers are shifting to Papuan Malay, the local lingua franca, as well as Indonesian, the standard national language. Uruangnirin...

Haudricourt, André G. (1965). "Problems of Austronesian comparative philology". Lingua. 14: 315–329. doi:10.1016/0024-3841(65)90048-3. Ko, Albert Min-Shan; et al...

cities throughout Indonesia by migrated Minangkabau. The language is also a lingua franca along the western coastal region of the province of North Sumatra...

clause structure from an Austronesian perspective". Lingua. 118 (10): 1554–1582. doi:10.1016/j.lingua.2007.08.002. Jensen, Joshua (2014). Jarai Clauses...

generally known by other ethnic groups. The sporadic assertion about its lingua franca role has been noted to be mistaken. Bacan remains an in-group and...

an early settlement for Christian missionaries, leading to its use as a lingua franca in the area, having largely displaced the moribund Araki language...

"to travel by rail" may be used for "to travel by train".) Malay was the lingua franca of the Indonesian archipelago before the proclamation of Indonesian...

southeastern Kalimantan of Indonesia. The Banjarese language is the de facto lingua franca for various indigenous community especially in South Kalimantan,...

kilometers south of Larantuka on Flores, and serves more generally as a lingua franca on the eastern tip of Flores and nearby islands. There are approximately...

Minangkabau, is spoken in the capital city of Sinabang and has become the lingua franca of the island. The phonemes /d c ɟ g j ɲ/ do not appear word-finally...

million speakers, though in addition Tetum is an official language and a lingua franca among non-Tetum East Timorese. Geoffrey Hull (1998) proposes a Timoric...

In the early twentieth century, colonial rule instituted Roviana as a lingua franca, and the Seventh-day Adventist church, which was widely adopted on...

language (Melayu Ambon). The latter is widely used in the Maluku Islands as a lingua franca and is a local form of Malay with additions of the local lexicon...

It is the primary spoken language of Thai Malays, but is also used as a lingua franca by ethnic Southern Thais in rural areas, Muslim and non-Muslim and...

language spoken in the Philippines, primarily by Ilocano people and as a lingua franca by the Igorot people and also by the native settlers of Cagayan Valley...

an important lingua franca in the area for centuries and thus exerted pressure on smaller local idioms itself. Its importance as a lingua franca is diminishing;...

of Palawan and the Cuyo Islands in the Philippines. Cuyonon had been the lingua franca (language used for communication) of the province of Palawan until...