Literary Chinese (Vietnamese: Văn ngôn 文言, Cổ văn 古文 or Hán văn 漢文) was the medium of all formal writing in Vietnam for almost all of the country's history...

Ethnic Chinese in Vietnam: Hoa, Chinese who immigrated to Vietnam during the Qing dynasty and Republic of China period Ngái, rural-dwelling Hakka Chinese speakers...

to the study of Literary Chinese. Literary Chinese was adopted in Korea, Japan, and Vietnam. The Oxford Handbook of Classical Chinese Literature argues...

hanja, and Vietnam as chữ Hán. In late classical history, the literary importance of classical Chinese diminished as Japan, Korea, and Vietnam each adopted...

Hoa, Chinese: 華人; pinyin: Huárén or Chinese: 唐人; Jyutping: tong4 jan4) are the citizens and nationals of Vietnam of full or partial Han Chinese ancestry...

Nôm Literary Chinese in Vietnam History of writing in Vietnam Chinese characters East Asian cultural sphere Kanji – Japanese equivalent of Chinese characters...

Chữ Hán were introduced to Vietnam during the thousand year period of Chinese rule from 111 BC to 939 AD. Texts in Vietnam were written using chữ Hán...

from premodern Vietnam are written in Chinese, obviously using Chinese characters; however, a portion of the literary genre is written in Vietnamese, using...

Chinese writing, culture and institutions were imported as a whole by Vietnam, Korea, Japan and other neighbouring states over an extended period. Chinese...

The Empire of Vietnam (Vietnamese: Đế quốc Việt Nam; Literary Chinese and Contemporary Japanese: 越南帝國; Modern Japanese: ベトナム帝国, Betonamu Teikoku) was...

The Vietnam War (also known by other names) was a conflict in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975...

Hanmunhak or Literary Chinese literature in Korea (Hangul: 한문학 Hanja: 漢文學) is Korean literature written in Literary Chinese, which represents an early...

by Chinese literature. As Literary Chinese was the formal written language for government documents, a majority of literary works were composed in Hán...

Korea, and Vietnam. Brushtalk (simplified Chinese: 笔谈; traditional Chinese: 筆談; pinyin: bǐtán) was first used in China as a way to engage in "silent conversations"...

in the first millennium BC on the Red River Delta in modern-day northern Vietnam. The Han dynasty annexed Northern and Central Vietnam under Chinese rule...

in Vietnam Văn Miếu Trấn Biên in Đồng Nai, Vietnam Literary Chinese in Vietnam "Dịch hai chữ Văn Miếu ra tiếng Tây". ""Special National Monuments in Ha...

script (chữ Nôm) derived from Chinese characters (chữ Hán). Following independence from China in the 10th century, Vietnam began a southward expansion and...

Vietnam's monarchy, France attempted to re-establish its colonial rule but was ultimately defeated in the First Indo-China War. The Geneva Accords in...

Vietnam revolted against the Chinese and subsequently formed the independent kingdom of Champa, while the Red River Delta saw a loosening of Chinese control...

River in Northern China. These confederation of tribes were the ancestors of the modern Han Chinese people as well as the progenitors of Chinese civilization...

ancient China Cong (surname), (叢/丛) a Chinese surname Cong, County Mayo, Ireland, a village Cong Weixi (1933–2019), Chinese author influential in the post-Mao...

Prostitution in Vietnam is illegal and considered a serious crime. Nonetheless, Vietnam's Ministry of Labour, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) has...

Chinese expansionism is an expansionism that has been identified with different phases of territorial expansion in Chinese history. While the dynasties...

useful in the reconstruction of Middle Chinese phonology. Literary Chinese was used in Vietnam during the millennium of Chinese rule that began in 111 BCE...

Anti-Chinese sentiment, a form of racism against Asians, is a fear or dislike of China, Chinese people and/or Chinese culture; it is also referred to as...

Censorship in Vietnam is pervasive and is implemented by the Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV) in relation to all kinds of media – the press, literature...

as: (1) the Vietnamese source Phủ biên tạp lục (albeit written in literary Chinese) was the earliest extant one containing the local toponym's transcription;...

(2879–258 BCE) that ruled over the northern part of Vietnam and southern part of modern China in antiquity. Their progenitors were Lạc Long Quân and his...

Chinese lexicon. After driving out the Chinese in 880, the Vietnamese sought to build a state on the Chinese model, including using Literary Chinese for...

Differing literary and colloquial readings for certain Chinese characters are a common feature of many Chinese varieties, and the reading distinctions...