celestial navigation, lunar distance, also called a lunar, is the angular distance between the Moon and another celestial body. The lunar distances method...

instantaneous Earth–Moon distance, or distance to the Moon, is the distance from the center of Earth to the center of the Moon. Lunar distance (LD or Δ ⊕ L {\textstyle...

practice called "lunars" or the lunar distance method, used for determining precise time when time is unknown. Celestial navigation by taking sights of...

The field of navigation includes four general categories: land navigation, marine navigation, aeronautic navigation, and space navigation. It is also the...

The Lunar Roving Vehicle (LRV) is a battery-powered four-wheeled rover used on the Moon in the last three missions of the American Apollo program (15...

A satellite navigation or satnav system is a system that uses satellites to provide autonomous geopositioning. A satellite navigation system with global...

magnetic declination or local variation. Navigation Celestial navigation Nautical almanac Lunar distance (navigation) Sextant American Practical Navigator...

direct-to earth communication and navigation services for missions operating from 36,000 kilometers (km) in the GEO to cis-Lunar and other orbits out to 2 million...

coordinate system Geotagging Great-circle distance History of longitude Latitude Lunar distance (navigation) Prime Meridian Sextant World Geodetic System...

while at sea. Harrison's solution revolutionized navigation and greatly increased the safety of long-distance sea travel. The problem he solved had been considered...

A sextant is a doubly reflecting navigation instrument that measures the angular distance between two visible objects. The primary use of a sextant is...

Guidance, Navigation & Control Systems. Carpenter, J.; et al. (2012). "Scientific Preparations for Lunar Exploration with the European Lunar Lander". Planetary...

crewed spaceflight, including the longest crewed lunar landing mission (12 days, 14 hours), greatest distance from a spacecraft during an extravehicular activity...

Apollo Lunar Module (LM /ˈlɛm/), originally designated the Lunar Excursion Module (LEM), was the lunar lander spacecraft that was flown between lunar orbit...

instrument for navigation. The sextant was derived from the octant in order to provide for the lunar distance method. With the lunar distance method, mariners...

Operations and Navigation Experiment) is a lunar orbiter that is testing and verifying the calculated orbital stability planned for the Lunar Gateway space...

Swift. Geography portal History of longitude Nevil Maskelyne Lunar distance (navigation) James Cook Celatone Longitude Prize List of engineering awards...

Navigator Celestial navigation Haversine History of longitude Lunar distance (navigation) Marine sandglass Nautical almanac Navigational algorithms Sextant...

angular distance between the objects. While reflecting instruments are used in many professions, they are primarily associated with celestial navigation as...

An inertial navigation system (INS; also inertial guidance system, inertial instrument) is a navigation device that uses motion sensors (accelerometers)...

A moonbase (or lunar base) is a human outpost on or below the surface of the Moon. More than a mere site of activity or temporary camp, moonbases are...

laser retroreflector array, a lidar navigation device, a stereo camera, a low-frequency radio receiver, the Lunar Node-1 beacon, and an instrument to...

efforts to use the stars for navigation. The mission's goal became simply getting the astronauts back to Earth alive. The lunar module had charged batteries...

Peregrine Lunar Lander flight 01, commonly referred to as Peregrine Mission One, was an unsuccessful American lunar lander mission. The lander, dubbed...

beliefs. These include the visibility of distant objects on Earth's surface; lunar eclipses; appearance of the Moon; observation of the sky from a certain...

sphere King tide – An especially high spring tide Lunar Laser Ranging experiment – Measuring the distance between the Earth and the Moon with laser lightPages...

The Chinese Lunar Exploration Program (CLEP; Chinese: 中国探月工程; pinyin: Zhōngguó Tànyuè Gōngchéng), also known as the Chang'e Project (Chinese: 嫦娥工程; pinyin:...

fix. Celestial navigation Navigation Latitude Longitude Haversine formula Intercept method Meridian altitude Lunar distance Navigational algorithms Sight...

methods were deemed suitable for use in navigation.: 163–174  Although both chronometers and lunar distances had been shown to be practicable methods...

of lunar exploration had been observations from Earth. The invention of the optical telescope brought about the first leap in the quality of lunar observations...