European languages as língua mandarim (Portuguese) and la lengua mandarina (Spanish), meaning the language of the mandarins, or imperial officials. Ricci and...

A lingua franca (/ˌlɪŋɡwə ˈfræŋkə/; lit. 'Frankish tongue'; for plurals see § Usage notes), also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language...

Standard Mandarin, the official language of China Taiwanese Mandarin, Standard Chinese as spoken in Taiwan Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca), the spoken...

standard for written Chinese Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca), the spoken standard of the Ming and Qing dynasties Mandarin Chinese, the most widely...

Because these letters are created to transcribe consonants of Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca), these are disappeared soon. In modern days, ㅃ is used...

simply Mandarin, though this term may also refer to the Mandarin dialect group as a whole, or the late imperial form used as a lingua franca. "Mandarin" is...

Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Guanhua may refer to: Mandarin Chinese Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca) Standard Chinese Qiao Guanhua (1913–1983), politician...

children were punished for speaking their non-Mandarin native languages. Guoyu was thus established as a lingua franca among the various groups in Taiwan at the...

national spoken language for the mainland and serves as a lingua franca within the Mandarin-speaking regions (and, to a lesser extent, across the other...

Mandarin-speaking area for most of the last millennium, making these dialects very influential. Some form of Mandarin has served as a lingua franca for...

Kingdom and the United States. It is also the most popular language, lingua franca, and a majority or official language in 58 countries and 31 non-sovereign...

dynasty rule over Taiwan (1683–1895), Mandarin (late imperial lingua franca) was used as an elite lingua franca in governance, and those privileged enough...

on "Southern Mandarin", the historical court dialect based on the Nanjing dialect, which used to be the imperial lingua franca of the late Ming and early...

English as the lingua franca or their home language, while the Mandarin-speakers worry that English will replace Mandarin as the lingua franca, which would...

scholars consider late Old Gan, together with Hakka Chinese and the Tongtai dialect of Jianghuai Mandarin to have been the lingua franca of the Southern...

various dialects of Chinese to English and Mandarin Chinese. Until the 1980s, Singaporean Hokkien was the lingua franca of Chinese community in Singapore, which...

international and regional organisations. It has also become the de facto lingua franca language of diplomacy, science, technology, international trade, logistics...

serve as the lingua franca among Chinese Singaporeans. They also argued that Mandarin was more economically valuable, and speaking Mandarin would help Chinese...

language spoken chiefly in South Asia. It is the national language and lingua franca of Pakistan, where it is also an official language alongside English...

transpired on such things as the nature of the Chinese economy, and the lingua franca of these debates was always Marxism". To resolve this debate, various...

phonetic developments from Middle Chinese, of which the most spoken by far is Mandarin with 66%, or around 800 million speakers, followed by Min (75 million,...

Mediterranean Lingua Franca from which the widely applied term "lingua franca" is derived. In literal translation to English, lingua franca means "language...

cùng hiểu nhau". Clements, Rebekah (June 2019). "Brush talk as the 'lingua franca' of diplomacy in Japanese-Korean encounters, c. 1600–1868". The Historical...

Tibetan Buddhist temple, is located there. The Lhasa dialect is used as a lingua franca in Ü-Tsang and the Tibetan Exile koiné language is also based largely...

studies consider the late Old Gan together with Hakka Chinese and the Tongtai dialect of Jianghuai Mandarin to have been the lingua franca of the Southern...

Germany, developed a form of German specifically for business. The lingua franca of much of the Baltic Sea Coast in the heyday of the Hanse was Middle...

science, and the arts. Written Classical Chinese became the regional lingua franca for literary and scientific exchange, and Chinese characters became...

January 31, 2015. "'Pure Invention': How Japan's pop culture became the 'lingua franca' of the internet". The Japan Times. July 18, 2020. "How Japan's global...

in the first half of the 20th century, Shanghainese became almost a lingua franca within the region, eclipsing the status of the Suzhou variety. However...

colonial maritime trade, the term picul was both a convenient unit, and a lingua franca unit that was widely understood and employed by other Austronesians...