the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth). Called the "Mothertrade" (Dutch: Moedernegotie), the Dutch imported enormous amounts of bulk resources like grain and...

and Livonia) was sold to traders from across Europe. This so-called moedernegotie ("mother of all trades") played a key part in the economic success of...

foreign trade for their food supply, particularly on Baltic grain (the moedernegotie or "mother of all trade"). This made the cities vulnerable to sieges...