• Thumbnail for Mu'awiya I
    Mu'awiya I (Arabic: معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Muʿāwiya ibn Abī Sufyān; c. 597, 603 or 605–April 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad...
    114 KB (15,342 words) - 13:28, 29 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Yazid I
    Yazid ibn Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan (Arabic: يزيد بن معاوية بن أبي سفيان, romanized: Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya ibn ʾAbī Sufyān; c. 646 – 11 November 683), commonly...
    55 KB (7,514 words) - 22:23, 13 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Marwan I
    distant kinsman Caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), founder of the Umayyad Caliphate. During the reign of Mu'awiya's son and successor Yazid I (r. 680–683), Marwan...
    45 KB (6,037 words) - 13:39, 25 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hasan–Mu'awiya treaty
    The Hasan–Mu'awiya treaty was a political peace treaty signed in 661 between Caliph Hasan ibn Ali and Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) to bring the First Fitna...
    20 KB (2,543 words) - 16:07, 22 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Hasan ibn Ali
    Hasan ibn Ali (redirect from Hassan I Pasha)
    caliph in Kufa. His sovereignty was not recognized by Syria's governor Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), who led an army into Kufa while pressing Hasan for abdication...
    84 KB (9,980 words) - 13:26, 29 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mu'awiya II
    Mu'awiya ibn Yazid ibn Mu'awiya (Arabic: مُعَاوِيَة بْنِ يَزِيد بْنِ مُعَاوِيَة, romanized: Muʿāwiya ibn Yazīd ibn Muʿāwiya; c. 664–684), commonly known...
    7 KB (692 words) - 13:19, 14 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Umayyad Caliphate
    rule with Mu'awiya I, the long-time governor of Greater Syria, who became caliph after the end of the First Fitna in 661. After Mu'awiya's death in 680...
    112 KB (14,319 words) - 18:35, 25 March 2024
  • Mu'awiya I (died 680) was the founder and first caliph of the Umayyad Caliphate from 661 to 680. Mu'awiya (Arabic: مُعَاوِيَة, romanized: Muʿāwiya) is...
    1 KB (119 words) - 19:21, 12 December 2023
  • while other members held various governorships. One of these governors, Mu'awiya I of Syria, opposed Caliph Ali in the First Muslim Civil War (656–661) and...
    45 KB (4,689 words) - 19:23, 17 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Bilad al-Sham
    Qinnasrin was created out of the northern part of Hims by caliphs Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) or Yazid I (r. 680–683). The Jazira (Upper Mesopotamia) was made an independent...
    32 KB (4,116 words) - 10:07, 29 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Colossus of Rhodes
    the statue on the island. In 653, an Arab force under Muslim general Mu'awiya I conquered Rhodes, and according to the Chronicle of Theophanes the Confessor...
    30 KB (3,669 words) - 18:51, 19 March 2024
  • Islamic prophet Muhammad. He was the father of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) and namesake of the Sufyanid line of Umayyad caliphs which...
    15 KB (1,870 words) - 03:56, 14 February 2024
  • member and statesman during the reigns of the Umayyad caliphs Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) and Yazid I (r. 680–683). He served two stints as the governor of Medina...
    8 KB (1,237 words) - 16:22, 22 December 2023
  • al-Mughira was again made governor of Kufa, serving under the Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I from 661 until his death in 671. During his second governorship, he ruled...
    9 KB (1,274 words) - 07:36, 10 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr
    the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), it was known that he opposed the latter's designation of his son, Yazid I, as his successor. Ibn al-Zubayr...
    35 KB (4,358 words) - 04:05, 19 March 2024
  • Umayyad governor of Palestine and Jordan during the reigns of Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680) and Yazid I (r. 680–683), a senior figure in the caliph's court, and...
    13 KB (1,624 words) - 03:59, 22 August 2023
  • Harb, a powerful man of Mecca, in western Arabia. She was the mother of Mu'awiya I, the founder of the Umayyad dynasty, and of Hanzala. Both Abu Sufyan and...
    16 KB (2,002 words) - 23:59, 23 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Second Fitna
    Umayyad Caliphate. It followed the death of the first Umayyad caliph Mu'awiya I in 680, and lasted for about twelve years. The war involved the suppression...
    46 KB (6,346 words) - 15:57, 20 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Uqba ibn Nafi
    reign of Umar and later the Umayyad Caliphate during the reigns of Mu'awiya I and Yazid I, leading the Muslim conquest of the Maghreb, including present-day...
    11 KB (1,113 words) - 22:31, 28 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for First Fitna
    the Camel in December 656, from which Ali emerged victorious. Afterward, Mu'awiya, the incumbent governor of Syria, declared war on Ali, ostensibly to avenge...
    33 KB (3,615 words) - 11:11, 6 March 2024
  • shortly afterwards. During the reign of Mu'awiya I he lived in Hejaz and often travelled to Damascus. After Mu'awiya I died in 680 CE he fled to At-Ta'if,...
    21 KB (2,571 words) - 13:49, 20 March 2024
  • political and military roles during the caliphates of Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), Yazid I (r. 680–683) and Marwan I (r. 684–685). Amr was a son of Caliph Uthman (r...
    6 KB (791 words) - 00:56, 1 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan
    military posts under Caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), founder of the Umayyad Caliphate, and his own father, Caliph Marwan I (r. 684–685). By the time of...
    89 KB (11,493 words) - 14:31, 23 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Siege of Constantinople (674–678)
    expansionist strategy towards the Byzantine Empire, led by Caliph Mu'awiya I. Mu'awiya, who had emerged in 661 as the ruler of the Muslim Arab empire following...
    33 KB (4,192 words) - 17:49, 23 March 2024
  • governor of Egypt in 664–665, during the reign of his brother, Caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680). Utba was a son of Abu Sufyan ibn Harb of the Banu Umayya...
    7 KB (741 words) - 10:39, 3 December 2023
  • romanized: Maysūn bint Baḥdal) was a wife of caliph Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680), and as mother of his successor and son Yazid I (r. 680–683). She belonged to a ruling...
    10 KB (1,234 words) - 01:24, 28 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ziyad ibn Abihi
    latter's assassination in 661 and the subsequent rule of Ali's opponent, Mu'awiya I (r. 661–680). The latter overcame Ziyad's opposition, formally recognized...
    36 KB (4,930 words) - 19:02, 16 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Amr ibn al-As
    Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan against Caliph Ali (r. 656–661) due to promises of the governorship of Egypt and its tax revenues. Amr served as Mu'awiya's representative...
    60 KB (8,076 words) - 21:13, 28 March 2024
  • forces and governor of Damascus during the reigns of caliphs Mu'awiya I, Yazid I and Mu'awiya II. Though long an Umayyad loyalist, after the latter's death...
    7 KB (804 words) - 16:19, 22 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Battle of Siffin
    Rashidun caliph Ali ibn Abi Talib and the rebellious governor of Syria Mu'awiya ibn Abi Sufyan. The battle is named after its location Siffin on the banks...
    95 KB (11,741 words) - 17:16, 25 March 2024