as the first example of a dictatorship of the proletariat. Adrianople Vilayet, Ottoman Empire in 1903 The 1905 Russian Revolution saw the spontaneous...

late 15th century) and then the Angora Eyalet (1827–1864) and the Angora Vilayet (1867–1922). The historical center of Ankara is a rocky hill rising 150 m...

years, serving as the capital of the pashasanjak of Üsküp and later the Vilayet of Kosovo. Its central position in the Ottoman Balkans made it a significant...

[citation needed] Later, Tirana became a sub-prefecture of the newly created Vilayet of Shkodër and the Sanjak of Durrës. In 1889, the Albanian language started...

first city in this part of Europe to have a tramway. Although the Bosnia Vilayet de jure remained part of the Ottoman Empire, it was de facto governed as...

operations and the seat of the vilayet of Prizren was relocated to Pristina. This privileged position as capital of the Ottoman vilayet lasted only for a short...

of the Ottoman Sultan. In 1864, Podgorica became a kaza of the Scutari Vilayet called Böğürtlen ("blackberry", also known as Burguriçe). On 7 October...