• Thumbnail for Paraphyly
    Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages...
    39 KB (3,836 words) - 23:01, 21 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Polyphyly
    called a polyphyly /ˈpɒlɪˌfaɪli/. It is contrasted with monophyly and paraphyly. For example, the biological characteristic of warm-bloodedness evolved...
    11 KB (1,112 words) - 07:33, 9 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Monophyly
    that common ancestor, without exception Monophyly is contrasted with paraphyly and polyphyly as shown in the second diagram. A paraphyletic grouping...
    11 KB (1,051 words) - 04:43, 24 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Arthropod
    analysis of mitochondrial protein coding genes confirms the reciprocal paraphyly of Hexapoda and Crustacea". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 7 (Suppl 2): S8...
    128 KB (12,210 words) - 11:19, 26 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Animal
    Malte; Kück, Patrick; Herlyn, Holger; Hankeln, Thomas (2014). "Platyzoan Paraphyly Based on Phylogenomic Data Supports a Noncoelomate Ancestry of Spiralia"...
    123 KB (10,914 words) - 13:25, 12 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Chordate
    PMID 21041649. Although I was among the early supporters of vertebrate paraphyly, I am impressed by the evidence provided by Heimberg et al. and prepared...
    50 KB (4,717 words) - 21:58, 25 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Sponge
    JSTOR 1307076. Sperling EA, Pisani D, Peterson KJ (January 1, 2007). "Poriferan paraphyly and its implications for Precambrian palaeobiology" (PDF). Geological...
    124 KB (12,872 words) - 14:13, 26 March 2024
  • taxon to the daughter taxon and have the disadvantage of involving the paraphyly of the parental group. This type of diagram is no longer used in the form...
    29 KB (3,054 words) - 16:43, 26 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Invertebrate
    with some more related to vertebrates than other invertebrates (see Paraphyly). For many centuries, invertebrates were neglected by biologists, in favor...
    41 KB (4,736 words) - 00:15, 25 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Clade
    nomenclature Biological classification Cladistics Crown group Monophyly Paraphyly Phylogenetic network Phylogenetic nomenclature Phylogenetics Polyphyly...
    17 KB (1,774 words) - 08:01, 14 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Calcareous sponge
    Vacelet, J.; Le Parco, Y. (2001-01-08). "Sponge paraphyly and the origin of Metazoa: Sponge paraphyly". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 14 (1): 171–179...
    10 KB (901 words) - 13:16, 13 August 2023
  • Thumbnail for Eumetazoa
    Alivon, E.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Vacelet, J.; Le-Parco, Y. (2001). "Sponge paraphyly and the origin of Metazoa". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 14 (1): 171–179...
    13 KB (1,211 words) - 21:26, 2 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Dicotyledon
    Society, 181 (1): 1–20, doi:10.1111/boj.12385 Stuessy, Tod F. (2010), "Paraphyly and the origin and classification of angiosperms." (PDF), Taxon, 59 (3):...
    14 KB (782 words) - 01:10, 11 March 2024
  • which is now part of infrakingdom Excavata. Because Cavalier-Smith allows paraphyly, the diagram below is an 'organization chart', not an 'ancestor chart'...
    75 KB (4,869 words) - 20:59, 19 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Bat
    ; de Jong, W. W.; Stanhope, M. J.; Springer, M. S. (2002). "Microbat paraphyly and the convergent evolution of a key innovation in Old World rhinolophoid...
    168 KB (18,165 words) - 16:50, 28 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Common raven
    WI; Marzluff JM; Fleischer RC (2000). "Cryptic genetic variation and paraphyly in ravens". Proceedings of the Royal Society B. 267 (1461): 2475–2482...
    75 KB (8,144 words) - 15:19, 11 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Red fox
    of red foxes. Such a nesting of one species within another is called paraphyly. Several hypotheses have been suggested to explain this, including (1)...
    131 KB (13,052 words) - 08:58, 2 February 2024
  • Thumbnail for Fungus
    fungal phyla, consisting of four major clades with suggestive evidence for paraphyly or possibly polyphyly. The Blastocladiomycota were previously considered...
    200 KB (19,084 words) - 01:22, 27 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Narcissus (plant)
    large molecular analysis by Zonneveld (2008) sought to reduce some of the paraphyly identified by Graham and Barrett. This led to a revision of the sectional...
    255 KB (23,773 words) - 17:57, 26 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Golden eagle
    phylogeny of aquiline eagles (Aves: Accipitriformes) reveals extensive paraphyly at the genus level" (PDF). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 35 (1):...
    102 KB (12,588 words) - 08:36, 20 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cactus
    (2005), "Basal cactus phylogeny: implications of Pereskia (Cactaceae) paraphyly for the transition to the cactus life form", American Journal of Botany...
    108 KB (12,409 words) - 17:32, 12 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Mollusca
    from molecular analyses, although these results also lead to unexpected paraphylies, for instance scattering the bivalves throughout all other mollusc groups...
    92 KB (9,416 words) - 22:34, 25 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Ape
    distinction between apes and monkeys is complicated by the traditional paraphyly of monkeys: Apes emerged as a sister group of Old World Monkeys in the...
    52 KB (5,125 words) - 00:37, 29 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Bird of prey
    The orders in bold text are birds of prey orders; this is to show the paraphyly of the group as well as their relationships to other birds. A recent phylogenomic...
    46 KB (4,771 words) - 17:52, 22 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thrush (bird)
    phylogenetic analysis of Old World chats and flycatchers reveals extensive paraphyly at family, subfamily and genus level (Aves: Muscicapidae)". Molecular...
    12 KB (1,235 words) - 02:37, 24 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hillstream loach
    Species. Retrieved 2018-12-20. Randall, Z.S. & Page, L.M. (2015): On the paraphyly of Homaloptera (Teleostei: Balitoridae) and description of a new genus...
    3 KB (273 words) - 21:49, 8 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cestoda
    Sabrina; Iakovenko, Nataliia; Hausdorf, Bernhard (2014). "Platyzoan Paraphyly Based on Phylogenomic Data Supports a Noncoelomate Ancestry of Spiralia"...
    38 KB (3,739 words) - 07:32, 29 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Sapindaceae
    some or all of Hippocastanaceae and Aceraceae, however this resulted in paraphyly. The former Ptaeroxylaceae, now placed in Rutaceae, were sometimes placed...
    10 KB (847 words) - 18:06, 23 February 2024
  • Symplesiomorphy Derived Apomorphy Synapomorphy Autapomorphy Group types Monophyly Paraphyly Polyphyly Nomenclature Phylogenetic nomenclature Crown group Sister group...
    8 KB (1,068 words) - 21:49, 2 February 2023
  • Thumbnail for Scutigera coleoptrata
    mitochondrial genome of the house centipede Scutigera and the monophyly versus paraphyly of myriapods". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 21 (4): 770–780. doi:10...
    15 KB (1,633 words) - 03:24, 10 March 2024