Parental investment, in evolutionary biology and evolutionary psychology, is any parental expenditure (e.g. time, energy, resources) that benefits offspring...

matriphagy is an extreme form of parental care but is highly related to extended care in the Funnel-web spider, parental investment in caecilians, and gerontophagy...

Parental care refers to the level of investment provided by the mother and the father to ensure development and survival of their offspring. In most birds...

Parental care is a behavioural and evolutionary strategy adopted by some animals, involving a parental investment being made to the evolutionary fitness...

generally less preference for parental behavior than males. All these suggest that males have increased parental investment towards eggs compared to females...

an opportunity for selection to favor the grandmother hypothesis. Parental investment, originally put forth by Robert Trivers, is defined as any benefit...

to address this. Parental investment does not explain the interest in the ability to provide resources since the parental investment in long-term mating...

before the end of the period of parental care – there is a higher rate of male births to equalise parental investment in each sex. Fisher's principle...

(discriminative choice of mating partners). Life history theory (that includes Parental Investment Theory) provides an explanation for the above mechanisms and strategies...

much parental investment is expected of the male, and provided research support for her hypotheses. When men expect to provide a high level of parental investment...

sociality: parental investment. Parental investment is any expenditure of resources (time, energy, social capital) to benefit one's offspring. Parental investment...

In biology, paternal care is parental investment provided by a male to his own offspring. It is a complex social behaviour in vertebrates associated with...

particular, Robert Trivers' concept of parental investment. Trivers defined parental investment as "any investment by the parent in an individual offspring...

Utetheisa ornatrix, also called the ornate bella moth, ornate moth, bella moth or rattlebox moth, is a moth of the subfamily Arctiinae. It is aposematically...

marriage patterns, promiscuity, perception of beauty, bride price, and parental investment. The theories and findings of evolutionary psychology have applications...

will need when they subsequently reproduce, as a result of staying in the parental nest. Kin selection: since subsequent litters or broods from the same parents...

possessive techniques such as holding her hand in public. With regards to parental investment, males are much more wary when investing in offspring as they cannot...

gender discrimination theory, the gender essentialism theory and the parental investment theory. This theory suggests that a patriarchal kinship system, prevalent...

higher-than-expected offspring sex ratio (more sons). According to the parental investment theory, the gender that invests more in offspring tends to be more...

Non-paternity event Parental abuse by children Parental age (disambiguation) Parental bullying of children Parental investment Parental narcissistic abuse...

Robert L. Trivers presented his parental investment theory. Trivers defined parental investment as any investment made by the parent that benefits his...

fitness, especially parental investment theory. They argue that human child rearing is so prolonged and costly that "a parental psychology shaped by...

as a function of lifetime parental investment. Parental investment was defined by Robert Trivers in 1972 as "any investment by the parent in an individual...

emotional infidelity is more worrisome because they could lose the parental investment to another woman's offspring, therefore affecting their chances of...

mates and parenting skills. Such parental influences lead to the theories of inclusive fitness as well as parental investment in illustrating the roots of...

individual parental investment of r-strategists, or on a reduced quantity of offspring with a corresponding increased parental investment of K-strategists...

has been linked with females' higher parental investment and the lack of guarantee of male parental investment, although evolutionary science cannot...

349–368, doi:10.1038/hdy.1948.21, PMID 18103134 Trivers, R.L. (1972). Parental investment and sexual selection. In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual selection and...

females as possible outside of a pair bond relationship because their parental investment is lower, meaning they can copulate and leave the female with minimum...

this was the case due to the higher obligatory biological parental investment. Parental investment refers to how many resources, physical and emotional, that...