• The philosophes (French for 'philosophers') were the intellectuals of the 18th-century European Enlightenment. Few were primarily philosophers; rather...
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  • Thumbnail for Thérèse the Philosopher
    Thérèse Philosophe (Therese the Philosopher) is a 1748 French novel ascribed to Jean-Baptiste de Boyer, Marquis d'Argens, or, according to a minority opinion...
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  • The New Philosophers (French: nouveaux philosophes) is the generation of French philosophers who are united by their respective breaks from Marxism in...
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  • Thumbnail for Louis Claude de Saint-Martin
    January 1743 – 14 October 1803) was a French philosopher, known as le philosophe inconnu ("the unknown philosopher"), the name under which his works were...
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  • Thumbnail for Jean-Jacques Rousseau
    Jean-Jacques Rousseau (category Philosophes)
    [ʒɑ̃ ʒak ʁuso]; 28 June 1712 – 2 July 1778) was a Genevan philosopher (philosophe), writer, and composer. His political philosophy influenced the progress...
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  • Projet de communauté philosophe (translated as Project for a Philosophical Community) is a book written by the French philosopher Victor d'Hupay, published...
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  • Companies. Cinram was established in 1969 in a Montreal basement by Isidore Philosophe and Samuel Sokoloff. The company started manufacturing pre-recorded eight-track...
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  • Thumbnail for Alain (philosopher)
    l'esprit (1942) Préliminaires à la mythologie (1943) Propos sur des philosophes (1961) Souvenirs sans égards, (2010) Lettres aux deux amies (2014) Journal...
    20 KB (2,775 words) - 11:03, 28 April 2024
  • Marcel Hénaff, philosophe et anthropologue". Le Monde. Retrieved July 2, 2018. Enjalbert, Cedric (June 21, 2018). "Mort du philosophe Marcel Hénaff"....
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  • Thumbnail for Bernard-Henri Lévy
    in France simply as BHL, he was one of the leaders of the "Nouveaux Philosophes" (New Philosophers) movement in 1976. His opinions, political activism...
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    position of the monarchy, while Louis XV weakened it. The writings of the philosophes such as Voltaire were a clear sign of discontent, but the king chose...
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  • Denis Diderot (1713–1784) with contributions by hundreds of leading philosophes (intellectuals) such as Voltaire (1694–1778) and Montesquieu (1689–1755)...
    141 KB (16,250 words) - 01:02, 30 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor
    False but influential letters depict him as a somewhat more radical philosophe than he probably was. His policies are now known as Josephinism. He was...
    58 KB (7,226 words) - 11:28, 27 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Thomas Paine
    apparent to anyone. Paine also used a notion of "common sense" favored by philosophes in the Continental Enlightenment. They held that common sense could refute...
    130 KB (14,175 words) - 03:07, 28 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Jabir ibn Hayyan
    Marquet, Yves (1988). La philosophie des alchimistes et l'alchimie des philosophes — Jâbir ibn Hayyân et les « Frères de la Pureté ». Paris: Maisonneuve...
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  • Thumbnail for 1775–1795 in Western fashion
    embrace of the rationalistic or "classical" ideals of Enlightenment philosophes. According to some historians, it was at this time when the concept of...
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  • 2017-01-07. Gamephilosophe (2014-07-24). "The Game Philosophe: Bloodborne Composer Revealed". The Game Philosophe. Retrieved 2017-01-07. Godhead website Zuckerman...
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  • Thumbnail for Petrarch
    'the Dark Ages' fostered by Renaissance humanists and Enlightenment philosophes has, of course, long since been abandoned by scholars." Nicolson, Marjorie...
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  • Thumbnail for Counter-Enlightenment
    Street' literature in the late 18th and early 19th centuries aimed at the philosophes. He delves into the obscure world of the 'low Counter-Enlightenment'...
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  • Thumbnail for Voltaire
    Voltaire (category Philosophes)
    /vɔːl-/; French: [vɔltɛːʁ]), was a French Enlightenment writer, philosopher (philosophe), satirist, and historian. Famous for his wit and his criticism of Christianity...
    139 KB (17,287 words) - 12:57, 1 May 2024
  • Francesco Guicciardini (1483–1540), and Cesare Baronio (1538–1607). French philosophe Voltaire (1694–1778) had an enormous influence on the development of historiography...
    159 KB (19,555 words) - 13:40, 20 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for French Revolution
    (2012). Rousseau's Counter-Enlightenment: A Republican Critique of the Philosophes. SUNY series in Social and Political Thought. State University of New...
    147 KB (18,730 words) - 05:05, 4 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for History of Spain
    challenge to Catholicism or the Church such as characterized the French philosophes. The leading Spanish figure was Benito Feijóo, a Benedictine monk and...
    191 KB (21,240 words) - 10:45, 30 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Age of Enlightenment
    adopted by the authors of the United States Constitution. While the philosophes of the French Enlightenment were not revolutionaries and many were members...
    178 KB (22,186 words) - 09:17, 1 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Squatting
    19-year-long squat in Geneva. It occupied two buildings on the Boulevard des Philosophes, a few blocks away from the main campus of the University of Geneva....
    143 KB (13,882 words) - 12:02, 28 April 2024
  • the Militaire philosophe this combination accounts for the positive side of their deism. Gueudeville, Lahontan and the Militaire philosophe all traveled...
    31 KB (4,487 words) - 08:58, 25 December 2023
  • Thumbnail for Antoine Blanc de Saint-Bonnet
    Caro. Paris: Bloud. Buche, Joseph (1904). Blanc de Saint-Bonnet, le Philosophe de la Douleur. Trévoux: Imprimerie Jules Jeannin. Burton, Richard (1993)...
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  • Thumbnail for Galen
    propres livres; Sur ses propres livres; Que l'excellent médecin est aussi philosophe Paris: Les Belles Lettres. 2007, lxxvii–lxxx Kilgour, Frederick G. (1957)...
    92 KB (11,650 words) - 07:33, 29 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Jacques-Nicolas Bellin
    geographer, and member of the French intellectual group called the philosophes. Bellin was born in Paris. He was hydrographer of France's hydrographic...
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  • Sabéens de Maïmonide". In Lévy, Tony; Rashed, Roshdi (eds.). Maïmonide: Philosophe et savant (1138–1204). Leuven: Peeters. pp. 335–352. ISBN 9789042914582...
    44 KB (5,026 words) - 03:45, 28 April 2024