The politics of Turkmenistan nominally takes place in the framework of a presidential republic, whereby the President of Turkmenistan is nominally both...

Turkmenistan's human rights record has been heavily criticized by various countries and scholars worldwide. Standards in education and health declined...

president of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň prezidenti), officially the president and chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan, is the...

Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north, east and northeast, Afghanistan to the southeast...

Party of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Demokratik Partiýasy; Turkmen pronunciation: [tʏɾkmønʏθːɑnɯŋ dɛmokɾɑtɪk pɑɾtɪjɑθɯ]; TDP) is a political party...

chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan with the title "National Leader" (Turkmen: Milli Lider). Politics of Turkmenistan Cabinet of Turkmenistan People's...

legislature of Turkmenistan. Between March 2021 and 21 January 2023, it was the lower house of the National Council of Turkmenistan. It consists of 125 members...

The People's Council of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Halk Maslahaty, [xɑlq mɑθlɑxɑt̪ɯ]; "People's Council") is Turkmenistan's independent "representative body"...

The Armed Forces of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Ýaragly Güýçleri), known informally as the Turkmen National Army (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Milli...

The history of Turkmenistan traditionally began with the arrival of Indo-European Iranian tribes around 2000 BC. Early tribes were nomadic or semi-nomadic...

citizens of all countries require a visa to enter Turkmenistan unless they have special passports. To obtain a tourist visa for Turkmenistan, all foreign...

an overview of and topical guide to Turkmenistan: Turkmenistan is a sovereign Turkic country located in Central Asia. The name Turkmenistan is derived...

Party of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň agrar partiýasy) is a registered political party in Turkmenistan, founded on September 28, 2014. One of the...

Turkmenistan is divided into five regions, or welaýatlar (singular welaýat) and one capital city (şäher) with provincial legal status. They are Ahal, Balkan...

of Ministers of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Ministrler Kabineti) is the chief executive body in Turkmenistan. The Cabinet of Ministers of Turkmenistan...

illegal during the presidency of Niyazov after independence and remains banned. Politics of Turkmenistan Communist Party of the Soviet Union Компартии Туркменистана...

The Party of Industrialists and Entrepreneurs of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Türkmenistanyň Senagatçylar we Telekeçiler partiýasy) is a political party in Turkmenistan...

Respublika), also known as Soviet Turkmenistan, the Turkmen SSR, Turkmenistan, or Turkmenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union located in...

2023. Assembly of Turkmenistan People's Council of Turkmenistan Politics of Turkmenistan "President For Life? Turkmen Leader Signs Mysterious Constitutional...

The vice president of Turkmenistan, formally referred to as the deputy chairman of the Cabinet of Ministers, and erroneously (based on the official title...

The Constitution of Turkmenistan adopted on 18 May 1992 is the supreme law of Turkmenistan (Article 5). In its preamble, the Constitution emphasizes self-determination...

communist political party in Turkmenistan that was founded in 1998. The original Communist Party of Turkmenistan was founded when Turkmenistan became a...

Early presidential elections were held in Turkmenistan on 12 March 2022. The elections were called after incumbent president Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedow...

translated into English as Book of the Soul, is a two volume work written by Saparmurat Niyazov, the president of Turkmenistan from 1990 to 2006. It was intended...

list of heads of government of Turkmenistan since the establishment of that position in 1925. After the passing of the current Constitution of Turkmenistan...

organization meant to bring together Turkmen people in Turkmenistan and other parts of the world. The idea of the association was expressed by the Agzybirlik...

the chairman of the People's Council of Turkmenistan (Turkmen: Halk Maslahaty). He previously served as the 2nd President of Turkmenistan from 2006 to...

Turkmenistan's declaration of "permanent neutrality" was formally recognized by the United Nations in 1995. Former President Niyazov stated that the neutrality...

in Turkmenistan, serving just over 14,000 visitors in 2019. Tourist destinations include World Heritage Sites, museums, and natural sites. Many of its...

on 27 October 1990. The only candidate was Saparmurat Niyazov, who won 98% of the vote. Voter turnout was 97%. Dieter Nohlen, Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann...