The proportional counter is a type of gaseous ionization detector device used to measure particles of ionizing radiation. The key feature is its ability...

A wire chamber or multi-wire proportional chamber is a type of proportional counter that detects charged particles and photons and can give positional...

of gaseous ionization detectors are 1) ionization chambers, 2) proportional counters, and 3) Geiger–Müller tubes All of these have the same basic design...

A Geiger counter (/ˈɡaɪɡər/, GY-gər; also known as a Geiger–Müller counter or G-M counter) is an electronic instrument used for detecting and measuring...

no data of scientific value. A triple-coincidence omnidirectional proportional counter telescope was used to observe protons (with E>75 MeV) and electrons...

A scintillation counter is an instrument for detecting and measuring ionizing radiation by using the excitation effect of incident radiation on a scintillating...

Monitor, the High-Energy X-ray Timing Experiment (HEXTE) and the Proportional Counter Array. The RXTE observed X-rays from black holes, neutron stars,...

with three focal plane instruments: two German Position Sensitive Proportional Counters (PSPC) and the US-supplied High Resolution Imager (HRI). The X-ray...

same principle as the Geiger-Müller counter, but uses a lower operating voltage. All X-ray proportional counters consist of a windowed gas cell. Often...

capable of ~2 arcsec spatial resolution. The Imaging Proportional Counter (IPC) was a proportional counter covering the entire focal plane. The IPC was sensitive...

Proportional representation (PR) refers to any type of electoral system under which subgroups of an electorate are reflected proportionately in the elected...

and detection are a single operation, as already mentioned above. Proportional counters or various types of solid-state detectors (PIN diode, Si(Li), Ge(Li)...

a pulse output as in the cases of the Geiger–Müller tube or the proportional counter. Referring to the accompanying ion-pair collection graph, it can...

dosimeter) Gaseous ionization detector Geiger counter Ionization chamber Proportional counter Scintillation counter Semiconductor detector Commonly used detectors...

Concentrator Spectrometer (MECS) High Pressure Gas Scintillation Proportional Counter (HPGSPC) Phoswich Detector System (PDS) Wide Field Camera (WFC) The...

Mixed-member proportional representation (MMP or MMPR) is a mixed electoral system which combines local majoritarian elections with a compensatory tier...

threshold voltage of the MOSFET. This change in threshold voltage is proportional to radiation dose. Alternate high-k gate dielectrics like hafnium dioxide...

spectral iron K-line emission from an X-ray binary. Our large area PCA (Proportional Counter Array) on the current RXTE (Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer) mission...

can easily measure dose but cannot measure counts. However the Geiger counter can measure counts but not the energy of the radiation, so a technique...

application of an electric field. The Geiger–Müller tube and the proportional counter both use a phenomenon known as a Townsend avalanche to multiply the...

of about −80 °C by thermoelectric cooling. The Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) covers X-ray timing and low-resolution spectral studies over...

A Coulter counter is an apparatus for counting and sizing particles suspended in electrolytes. The Coulter counter is the commercial term for the technique...

radioactive particulate monitoring Dosimeter Geiger counter Ion chamber Scintillation counter Proportional counter Radiation monitoring Semiconductor detector...

benzene. Like gas counters, liquid scintillation counters require shielding and anticoincidence counters. For both the gas proportional counter and liquid scintillation...

be measured by placing a detector (usually a scintillation counter or a proportional counter) in the path of the deflected beam and, since each element...

X-rays (0.8-15 keV), complementary to what the Large Area X-ray Proportional Counter (LAXPC) does at high energies on AstroSat, while simultaneously providing...

radioactive particulate monitoring Dosimeter Geiger counter Ion chamber Scintillation counter Proportional counter Radiation monitoring Semiconductor detector...

four scientific instruments: A triple coincidence omnidirectional proportional counter telescope to detect solar particles and observe terrestrial trapped...

to zero. Geiger counter Ion chamber Nuclear engineering Nuclear physics Particle accelerator Particle decay Physics Proportional counter Radiation Radiation...

detection instruments are listed below. ionization chambers proportional counters Geiger counters Semiconductor detectors Scintillation detectors The links...