Latin characters. Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; also called Common Germanic) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European...

Proto-North Germanic) was an Indo-European language spoken in Scandinavia that is thought to have evolved as a northern dialect of Proto-Germanic in the first...

The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three branches of the Germanic family of languages (the others being the North Germanic and the...

from Proto-Germanic, spoken in Iron Age Scandinavia and Germany. The West Germanic languages include the three most widely spoken Germanic languages: English...

the Germanic parent language (GPL), also known as Pre-Germanic Indo-European (PreGmc) or Pre-Proto-Germanic (PPG), is the reconstructed language of the...

descendants. Ingvaeonic is named after the Ingaevones, a West Germanic cultural group or proto-tribe along the North Sea coast that was mentioned by both...

and proto-languages. North Sea Germanic Weser–Rhine Germanic Stefan Müller, Germanic syntax: A constraint-based view, series: Textbooks in Language Sciences...

Proto-Germanic paganism was the beliefs of the speakers of Proto-Germanic and includes topics such as the Germanic mythology, legendry, and folk beliefs...

of Proto-Germanic grammar, as inherited from Proto-Indo-European grammar. All reconstructed forms are marked with an asterisk (*). Proto-Germanic had...

The North Germanic languages make up one of the three branches of the Germanic languages—a sub-family of the Indo-European languages—along with the West...

branches: East Germanic languages North Germanic languages West Germanic languages They all descend from Proto-Germanic, and ultimately from Proto-Indo-European...

alternation is the English plural foot ~ feet (from Proto-Germanic *fōts, pl. *fōtiz). Germanic umlaut, as covered in this article, does not include...

is not enough evidence for the sound.: 107  The Proto-Germanic */z/ is also preserved in the language as a sibilant (always found written ⟨s⟩ or as part...

A-mutation is a metaphonic process supposed to have taken place in late Proto-Germanic (c. 200). In a-mutation, a short high vowel (*/u/ or */i/) was lowered...

the use of ancient and early medieval Germanic languages and are thus equated at least approximately with Germanic-speaking peoples, although different...

The Germanic language family is one of the language groups that resulted from the breakup of Proto-Indo-European (PIE). It in turn divided into North,...

it claims that Proto-Germanic may have been either a creole or a contact language that subsumed a non-Indo-European substrate language, or a hybrid of...

boxes, or other symbols instead of letters. Gothic is an extinct East Germanic language that was spoken by the Goths. It is known primarily from the Codex...

East Germanic languages, also called the Oder-Vistula Germanic languages, are a group of extinct Germanic languages that were spoken by East Germanic peoples...

some evidence that North and West Germanic developed as a single language, Proto-Northwest Germanic, after East Germanic had begun to diverge. However, changes...

characters. Verner's law describes a historical sound change in the Proto-Germanic language whereby consonants that would usually have been the voiceless fricatives...

of the Germanic languages List of ancient Germanic peoples and tribes Germanic languages Proto-Germanic language, a reconstructed proto-language of all...

Continental Germanic mythology. It was a key element of Germanic paganism. As the Germanic languages developed from Proto-Indo-European language, Germanic mythology...

[ð] but, in most sources discussing Proto-Germanic, it is spelled ⟨d⟩ by convention. In the West Germanic languages, the suffix hardened to [d], but it...

century AD. Modern Celtic languages include Welsh, Cornish, Breton, Scottish Gaelic, Irish and Manx. Germanic (from Proto-Germanic), earliest attestations...

from Proto-Germanic, and the source of the term for rune, riimukirjain, meaning 'scratched letter'. The root may also be found in the Baltic languages, where...

First Germanic Sound Shift) is a set of sound laws describing the Proto-Indo-European (PIE) stop consonants as they developed in Proto-Germanic in the...

'holiness'. Another Proto-Germanic masculine noun *lauhaz, has given rise to words with a variety of meanings in various Germanic languages, including Anglo-Saxon...

Holtzmann's law is a Proto-Germanic sound law originally noted by Adolf Holtzmann in 1838. It is also known by its traditional German name Verschärfung...

characters. Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family. No direct record of Proto-Indo-European...