Proto-Min is a comparative reconstruction of the common ancestor of the Min group of varieties of Chinese. Min varieties developed in the relative isolation...

group having /l/ in both areas. Norman reconstructs these initials in Proto-Min as voiceless and voiced laterals that merged in coastal varieties. The...

Coastal Min branch, and is thus closely related to Northern Min. Norman lists four distinctive features in the development of Eastern Min: The Proto-Min initial...

Proto-Chadic Proto-Omotic Proto-Niger–Congo Proto-Bantu Proto-Yoruboid Proto-Northwest Caucasian Proto-Abazgi Proto-Circassian Proto-Kartvelian Proto-Georgian-Zan...

 B-12. ISBN 978-962-359-085-3. Norman, Jerry (1974), "The initials of Proto-Min", Journal of Chinese Linguistics, 2 (1): 27–36, JSTOR 23749809. (includes...

Southern Min (simplified Chinese: 闽南语; traditional Chinese: 閩南語; pinyin: Mǐnnányǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Bân-lâm-gí/gú; lit. 'Southern Min language'), Minnan (Mandarin...

characters, and is assumed to represent the language of c. 1000-700 BC. Proto-Min developed from Old Chinese. Middle Chinese, broadly from about the 5th...

dialects are often taken as representative. Although coastal Min varieties can be derived from a proto-language with four series of stop or affricate initials...

diêng6 nao2 "computer" Basic words derived from Old Chinese, usually via Proto-Min; generally, they are not found in other languages of the Sinosphere, except...

Pu–Xian Min (Hinghwa Romanized: Pó-sing-gṳ̂; traditional Chinese: 莆仙話; simplified Chinese: 莆仙话; pinyin: Púxiānhuà), also known as Putian–Xianyou Min, Puxian...

Leizhou or Luichew Min (simplified Chinese: 雷州话; traditional Chinese: 雷州話; pinyin: Léizhōuhuà, [lěɪʈʂóʊ xwâ]) is a branch of Min Chinese spoken in Leizhou...

'Hai Lok Hong' (海陸丰) is a portmanteau of those places. It is a Southern Min (Min Nan) language with similarities to Hokkien, especially Chiangchew Hokkien...

Hokkien, a group of Southern Min varieties. In Fujian, the Zhangzhou dialects form the southern subgroup (南片) of Southern Min. The dialect of urban Zhangzhou...

proto-Min: Other points of articulation show similar distinctions within stops and nasals. Proto-Min voicing is inferred from the development of Min tones...

(/ˈhɒkiɛn/ HOK-ee-en, US also /ˈhoʊkiɛn/ HOH-kee-en) is a variety of the Southern Min languages, native to and originating from the Minnan region, in the southeastern...

Chinese: 琼文; traditional Chinese: 瓊文) or Qiongyu (琼语; 瓊語), is a group of Min Chinese varieties spoken in the southern Chinese island province of Hainan...

the early Proto-Min language from which Eastern Min, Southern Min, and other Min languages arose. Within this Min branch of Chinese, Eastern Min and Southern...

Shao–Jiang or Shaojiang Min (simplified Chinese: 邵将; traditional Chinese: 邵將; pinyin: Shàojiāng) is a Min Chinese language centered on Western Nanping...

mostly spoken in Shantou in Guangdong, China. It is a dialect of Chaoshan Min language. It is similar to and largely mutually intelligible with the Teochew...

The Putian dialect (Pu-Xian Min: Pó-chéng-uā / 莆田話; IPA: [pʰɔu˩˩ lɛŋ˩˧ ua˩˩]) is a dialect of Pu-Xian Min Chinese spoken in urban area of Putian[further...

and Indonesia. Hakka is not mutually intelligible with Yue, Wu, Southern Min, Mandarin or other branches of Chinese, and itself contains a few mutually...

History Old Chinese Eastern Han Middle Chinese Old Mandarin Middle Mandarin Proto-Min Ba–Shu Gan Literary forms Written Cantonese Written Dungan Written Hokkien...

2020-02-03. Bodman, Nicholas C. (1985). "The Reflexes of Initial Nasals in Proto-Southern Min-Hingua". In Acson, Veneeta; Leed, Richard L. (eds.). For Gordon H...

Philippine Hokkien is a dialect of the Hokkien language of the Southern Min branch of Min Chinese descended directly from Old Chinese of the Sinitic family...

客家話 Min Chinese, 闽语, 閩語 Southern Min, 闽南语, 閩南語 Hokkien, 泉漳话, 泉漳話 Teochew dialect, 潮州话, 潮州話 Eastern Min, 闽东语, 閩東語 Pu-Xian Min, 莆仙话, 莆仙話 Leizhou Min, 雷州话...

Mandarin with 66%, or around 800 million speakers, followed by Min (75 million, e.g. Southern Min), Wu (74 million, e.g. Shanghainese), and Yue (68 million...

1–2. Bodman, Nicholas C. (1985). "The Reflexes of Initial Nasals in Proto-Southern Min-Hingua". In Acson, Veneeta; Leed, Richard L. (eds.). For Gordon H...

compared with Mon coiŋ, proto-Tai *jaŋC and Burmese chaŋ. *ke (雞 jī) 'chicken' versus proto-Tai *kəiB, proto-Hmong–Mien *kai and proto-Viet–Muong *r-ka. In...

from Mandarin, the other six are Wu, Gan, and Xiang in central China and Min, Hakka, and Yue on the southeast coast. The Language Atlas of China (1987)...

Mǎ Fújiànhuà; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lâm-Má Hok-kiàn-oē) is a local variant of the Min Nan Chinese variety spoken in Central and Southern Peninsular Malaysia (Klang...