A protocell (or protobiont) is a self-organized, endogenously ordered, spherical collection of lipids proposed as a rudimentary precursor to cells during...

lifelike behavior of laboratory-created protocells. Armstrong synthesized and filmed the protocells of Protocell Circus at the laboratory of the Bartlett...

techniques. The protocell technique, however, also lends itself well to applications; similar to other synthetic biology byproducts, protocells could be employed...

proteinoid microspheres proposed to be primitive cells (protocells) on early Earth. Coacervate-like protocells are at the core of the Oparin-Haldane hypothesis...

limited resource conditions, the protocell reproductive rate would likely be inversely related to ploidy number. The protocell's fitness would be reduced by...

problem Molecular evolution Astrobiology Phylogenetics Tree Polymorphism Protocell Systematics Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance Category Portal...

functional properties; that is, they are a model of primitive cells, or protocells. It was first synthesised by Krishna Bahadur (20 January 1926 — 5 August...

around the dissolved lipophilic molecule. The formation of lipids into protocell membranes represents a key step in models of abiogenesis, the origin of...

proposed that they may have been precursors to the first living cells (protocells). The term was also used in the 1960s to describe peptides that are shorter...

distinct lineages of vesicles, which would have allowed natural selection. A protocell is a self-organized, self-ordered, spherical collection of lipids proposed...

and thermal energy, and created what he thought was the world's first protocell out of proteinoids and water. He called these globules "microspheres"...

Antarctica. 3600 Eoarchean First uncontroversial living organisms: at first protocells with RNA-based genes around 4000 Ma, after which true cells (prokaryotes)...

universal common ancestor Earliest known life forms ?RNA life Ribozyme †Protocell Coacervate Proteinoid Sulphobe Research Model lipid bilayer Jeewanu See...

Artificial gene synthesis Synthetic genomics Mycoplasma laboratorium Protocell Xenobiology Nucleic acid analogue Xeno nucleic acid Unnatural base pair...

bottom-up approach to build an artificial cell would involve creating a protocell de novo, entirely from non-living materials. As the term "cell" implies...

have been taken from simple organic molecules via pre-cellular life to protocells and metabolism. Although there is no universal agreement on the definition...

intermediates. Protocells in contact with a thin rock barrier in a hydrothermal vent get a free supply of energy from the pH gradient. Protocells in a hydrothermal...

common ancestor from simple organic molecules via pre-cellular life to protocells and metabolism. In 2016, a set of 355 genes from the last universal common...

low solubility in water. Pyrophosphite could have been present within protocells, however all modern life forms use pyrophosphate for energy storage. Kee...

universal common ancestor Earliest known life forms ?RNA life Ribozyme †Protocell Coacervate Proteinoid Sulphobe Research Model lipid bilayer Jeewanu See...

chauvinism Hypothetical types of biochemistry Nanobe Plasmid Pre-cell Protocell "What is Non-Cellular Life?". Wise Geek. Conjecture Corporation. 2009...

2022). "A biophysical basis for the emergence of the genetic code in protocells". Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics. 1863 (8): 148597...

are hypothesized (by some) to be a previously unknown form of life or protocells.[citation needed] It is a living organism (contains DNA or some analogue...

lipids and amino acids. It is believed that of this multiplicity of protocells, only one line survived. Current phylogenetic evidence suggests that the...

promote protocell growth as nucleotides also catalyze CO2 fixation. Strong nucleotide catalysis of fatty acids and amino acids slow down protocell growth...

much of the basic features provided by cell membranes. Proteinoid-based protocells enclosing RNA molecules could have been the first cellular life forms...

biological catalysis were considered to be contained within vesicles (protocells) with membranes composed of fatty acids and related amphiphiles. Template-directed...

that these were some form of prokaryotes, which may have evolved out of protocells, while the eukaryotes evolved later in the history of life. Some authors...

Date Event 4.3-4.1 Ga The earliest life appears, possibly as protocells. Their genetic material was probably composed of RNA, capable of both self replication...

Artificial gene synthesis Synthetic genomics Mycoplasma laboratorium Protocell Xenobiology Nucleic acid analogue Xeno nucleic acid Unnatural base pair...